Sci Guys
Sci Guys is a podcast all about the weird and unbelievable ways that scientists learn about the world around us. Each week, Corry (@notcorry) tells the story of a particularly strange scientific study while his cohost Luke (@lukecutforth) does his best to derail the conversation with questions, jokes, and whatever nonsense he can think of.
Episodes
272: The Science of Plastic Eating Bacteria
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References & Further Reading
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9668955/
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/sep/28/plastic-eating-bacteria-enzyme-recycling-waste
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-68927816
https://www.acs.org/pressroom/presspacs/2023/november/plastic-eating-bacteria-turn-waste-into-useful-starting-materials-for-other-products.html
https://www.livescience.com/plastic-eating-bacteria
https://www.britannica.com/science/plastic/The-polymers
02/09/24•1h 11m
271: The Science of Detransition (with Lucy Kartikasari & NoahFinnce )
Follow Lucy: https://www.tiktok.com/@luckartikasari
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References & Further Reading
https://ustranssurvey.org/report/health/
https://segm.org/first_large_study_of_detransitioners
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37266795/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37266795/
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/372620083_Gender_detransition_A_critical_review_of_the_literature
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10322769/
https://www.bmj.com/content/381/bmj-2022-073584
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35877120/
https://www.reuters.com/investigates/special-report/usa-transyouth-outcomes/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8213007/
https://twitter.com/KLBfax/with_replies?lang=en
https://www.lgbtqnation.com/2022/11/darling-detransition-movement-comes-transgender/
https://www.nytimes.com/2018/06/13/smarter-living/trust-negative-product-reviews.html
22/07/24•1h 10m
270: The Science of Gay Marriage
Is gay marriage good? Yes. Obviously. Some people need proof of that though, so here's an episode on it. At this rate we'll be doing an episode on water being wet soon enough...
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References & Further Reading
Marriage Background Info
https://www.hrc.org/resources/marriage-equality-around-the-world
https://www.apa.org/topics/marriage-relationships/same-sex-marriage
https://www.apa.org/news/press/releases/2003/09/marital-benefit
Studies on Marriage Equality
https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RRA2912-1.html
https://www.latimes.com/science/story/2024-05-30/what-20-years-of-data-tell-us-about-same-sex-marriage
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8101749/
RAND Media Bias
https://www.allsides.com/news-source/rand-corporation
https://mediabiasfactcheck.com/rand-corporation/
Attitudes on Gay Marriage
https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/fact-sheet/changing-attitudes-on-gay-marriage/
https://www.statista.com/statistics/1386442/britain-public-opinion-on-same-sex-marriage/
https://www.theguardian.com/science/brain-flapping/2015/jun/29/same-sex-marriage-ruin-civilisation-science
15/07/24•46m 49s
269: The Science of Trans Women Breastfeeding
In a world fraught with injustice, perhaps the most pressing issue to address is… women breastfeeding their kids. According to transphobes, that is.
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Help keep the show running by supporting us on Patreon!
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@notcorry / @lukecutforth
References & Further Reading
Breastfeeding (and Chestfeeding)
https://www.cdc.gov/breastfeeding/data/facts.html
https://www.nhs.uk/medicines/hormone-replacement-therapy-hrt/oestrogen-tablets-patches-gel-and-spray/pregnancy-breastfeeding-and-fertility-while-taking-or-using-oestrogen-tablets-patches-gel-and-spray/
https://www.nhs.uk/pregnancy/having-a-baby-if-you-are-lgbt-plus/chestfeeding-if-youre-trans-or-non-binary/
Lactation
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK499981/
https://www.babycenter.com/baby/breastfeeding/can-men-breastfeed_8824
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/body/22201-lactation
Induced Lactation
https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/infant-and-toddler-health/expert-answers/induced-lactation/faq-20058403
https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/infant-and-toddler-health/expert-answers/induced-lactation/faq-20058403
https://nestcollaborative.com/blog/four-things-to-know-about-induced-lactation/
Induced Lactation in Trans Women
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/08903344231170559?url_ver=Z39.88-2003
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5779241/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38535753/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37138506/
https://internationalbreastfeedingjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13006-024-00624-1
https://www.economist.com/the-economist-explains/2024/02/23/can-transgender-women-breastfeed
https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/bfm.2024.0012
Trans Women Breastfeeding
https://www.thepinknews.com/2024/05/28/trans-women-breastfeeding-explainer-research/
https://www.oprah.com/oprahshow/real-life-modern-family/all
Milk Junkies Interviews
http://www.milkjunkies.net/2017/05/jennas-breastfeeding-journey-trans.html
http://www.milkjunkies.net/2013/05/trans-women-and-breastfeeding-personal.html
http://www.milkjunkies.net/2013/07/trans-women-and-breastfeeding-health.html
HRT & Breastfeeding
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6370611/
https://cks.nice.org.uk/topics/menopause/prescribing-information/hormone-replacement-therapy-hrt/
https://www.balance-menopause.com/menopause-library/breastfeeding-hrt/
https://breastfeeding-and-medication.co.uk/fact-sheet/the-menopause-and-breastfeeding
https://www.womens-health-concern.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/27-WHC-FACTSHEET-HRT-Doses-NOV2022-A.pdf
10/06/24•1h 21m
268: The Science of Risky Bisexuals
Are bisexuals risk takers, or have the media run with a half-baked study? This week we dive into the science of risky bisexuals!
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@notcorry / @lukecutforth
References & Further Reading
https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.adj6958
https://www.science.org/content/article/bisexual-behavior-genetically-tied-risk-taking-controversial-dna-analysis-finds
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/01/240103154239.htm
https://www.scientificamerican.com/podcast/episode/what-do-you-mean-bisexual-people-are-risk-taking-why-genetic-studies-about/
https://www.nytimes.com/2021/06/30/well/bisexual-mental-health-lgbt.html
https://www.stonewall.org.uk/system/files/lgbt_in_britain_bi.pdf
https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/culturalidentity/sexuality/bulletins/sexualidentityuk/2020
https://www.ukbiobank.ac.uk/
03/06/24•1h 8m
267: The Science of ADHD & The Microbiome
You are what you eat, but does your gut microbiome have anything to do with that? This week we take a look into the science behind ADHD and the tiny microbes that may (or may not!) play a role...
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@notcorry / @lukecutforth
References & Further Reading
https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.12.18.23300126v1
https://neurosciencenews.com/adhd-microbiome-22941/
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0889159123000697
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7830868/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10437823/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK441838/
https://www.niehs.nih.gov/health/topics/science/microbiome
https://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article?id=10.1371/journal.pbio.1002533
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5433529/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6469458/
27/05/24•1h 10m
266: The Science of Narcissistic Personality Disorder (with NOAHFINNCE)
Narcissistic Personality Disorder is one of the most maligned and misunderstood of mental conditions, so this week we're dipping our toes into the science behind the disorder!
Check out Noah’s music: https://tr.ee/f9DikNPhdQ
You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel
Help keep the show running by supporting us on Patreon!
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@notcorry / @lukecutforth
References & Further Reading
https://openpsychometrics.org/tests/NPI/1.php
https://openpsychometrics.org/tests/NPI/1.php
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK556001/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5819598/
https://www.uchicagomedicine.org/forefront/research-and-discoveries-articles/study-shows-narcissistic-personality-disorder-may-have-a-biological-component
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/what-is-narcissism-science-confronts-a-widely-misunderstood-phenomenon1/
https://www.google.com/search?gs_ssp=eJzj4tVP1zc0zDIpSSrJKy4wYPQSLU7OTM1LTlXIT1PISyxKziwuzizOBQDxCQ0z&q=science+of+narcissism&rlz=1C5CHFA_enGB727GB727&oq=science+of+narciss&gs_lcrp=EgZjaHJvbWUqBwgBEC4YgAQyCggAEAAY4wIYgAQyBwgBEC4YgAQyBggCEEUYOTIHCAMQABiABDIICAQQABgWGB4yCAgFEAAYFhgeMggIBhAAGBYYHjIGCAcQRRg90gEINDI5M2owajeoAgCwAgA&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=narcissism&sort=pubdate
https://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/doi/10.1176/appi.ajp.2014.14060723
https://www.britannica.com/science/narcissism/Narcissistic-pathology-and-behaviour
https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/types-of-mental-health-problems/personality-disorders/types-of-personality-disorder/#NarcissisticPersonalityDisorder
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/narcissistic-personality-disorder/symptoms-causes/syc-20366662
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7735512/
20/05/24•1h 18m
265: The Science of Depression
What is depression? If you're a listener there's a solid chance you already know, but there's also a good chance you'll listen anyway...
You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel
Help keep the show running by supporting us on Patreon!
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@notcorry / @lukecutforth
References & Further Reading
https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/depression
https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/depression
https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/depression-in-adults/overview/
https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/depression
https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/types-of-mental-health-problems/depression/causes/
https://icd.who.int/browse/2024-01/mms/en#1563440232
https://cks.nice.org.uk/topics/depression/diagnosis/assessment/
https://www.sciencenews.org/article/chemical-imbalance-explain-depression
https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/healthandsocialcare/mentalhealth/articles/costoflivinganddepressioninadultsgreatbritain/29septemberto23october2022
https://www.cdc.gov/aging/depression/index.html
https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/depression-in-women
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3646325/
13/05/24•1h 15m
264: The Science of Anxiety
Feeling worried? This week we're diving into the topic of Generalised Anxiety Disorder...
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Help keep the show running by supporting us on Patreon!
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@notcorry / @lukecutforth
References & Further Reading
https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/generalised-anxiety-disorder/overview/
https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/generalized-anxiety-disorder-gad
https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/types-of-mental-health-problems/anxiety-and-panic-attacks/anxiety-disorders/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK441870/
https://cks.nice.org.uk/topics/generalized-anxiety-disorder/diagnosis/diagnosis/
https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/panic-disorder/
06/05/24•49m 40s
263: The Cass Review REVIEW (with NOAHFINNCE)
Check out Noah’s music!
Massive thanks to Evan for vision mixing and keeping us relatively sane: https://youtube.com/evan
You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel
Help keep the show running by supporting us on Patreon!
If you'd like to see more of us, follow our socials!
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References & Further Reading
Background
https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/double-blind-study
https://www.rcpch.ac.uk/about-us/our-team/dr-hilary-cass
https://www.theguardian.com/society/2024/apr/18/hilary-cass-report-and-the-trans-rights-debate
https://www.theguardian.com/society/2024/apr/20/doctor-hilary-cass-warned-of-threats-to-safety-after-vile-abuse-over-nhs-gender-services-review
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aeY1BkCxwoI
Puberty Blockers
https://tavistockandportman.nhs.uk/news/early-intervention-study-shows-puberty-blockers-are-a-well-received-intervention-in-carefully-selected-patients/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33529227/
https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/teens/puberty/what-are-puberty-blockers
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/what-are-puberty-blockers-and-how-do-they-work/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9793415/
https://www.nytimes.com/2021/05/11/well/family/what-are-puberty-blockers.html
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9218488
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK547863/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9577333/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5344188/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK551662/
https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJM198112243052602
https://wayback.archive-it.org/7993/20170112031859/http:/www.fda.gov/Drugs/DrugSafety/PostmarketDrugSafetyInformationforPatientsandProviders/ucm209842.htm
Cass Review
https://cass.independent-review.uk/
https://cass.independent-review.uk/home/publications/final-report/
file:///Users/notcorry/Desktop/CassReview_Final.pdf
https://www.england.nhs.uk/commissioning/spec-services/npc-crg/gender-dysphoria-clinical-programme/implementing-advice-from-the-cass-review/
Criticisms
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qGZ1Gfu7XXw
https://www.thepinknews.com/2022/11/03/tavistock-experts-criticise-acp-uk/
https://www.advocate.com/health/hilary-cass-nhs-report-debunked
https://stonewall.org.uk/cass-review
https://www.equalityhumanrights.com/statement-final-report-cass-review
29/04/24•1h 12m
262: The Science of Weed (with @NOAHFINNCE ) | ANNIVERSARY SPECIAL
The 5th anniversary of Sci Guys means it’s high time we spoke about marijuana. Literally… It’s high time.
Check out Noah’s music: https://tr.ee/f9DikNPhdQ
Massive thanks to Evan for vision mixing and keeping us relatively sane: https://youtube.com/evan
You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel
Help keep the show running by supporting us on Patreon!
If you'd like to see more of us, follow our socials!
sciguys.co.uk
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Follow the Sci Guys
@notcorry / @lukecutforth
References & Further Reading
Cannabis Background & Basics
Cannabis | WHO
https://www.who.int/teams/mental-health-and-substance-use/alcohol-drugs-and-addictive-behaviours/drugs-psychoactive/cannabis
Marijuana | History, Effects, THC, & Legality | Britannica
https://www.britannica.com/science/marijuana
Hashish | Cannabis, THC, Intoxication | Britannica
https://www.britannica.com/science/hashish
Cannabis (Marijuana) DrugFacts | National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
https://nida.nih.gov/publications/drugfacts/cannabis-marijuana
What We Know About Marijuana
https://www.cdc.gov/marijuana/what-we-know.html
The Name of Cannabis: A Short Guide for Nonbotanists - PMC
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5531363/
Hemp | Description, Products, Seeds, Fiber, & Uses | Britannica
https://www.britannica.com/plant/hemp
Marijuana and the Brain - How Marijuana Works | HowStuffWorks
https://science.howstuffworks.com/marijuana3.htm
Legality of cannabis - Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legality_of_cannabis
History of Cannabis
History of cannabis and the endocannabinoid system - PMC
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7605027/
On the Preparations of the Indian Hemp, or Gunjah (Cannabis Indica), Their Effects on the Animal System in Health, and Their Utility in the Treatment of Tetanus and Other Convulsive Diseases
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30161735/
Oldest evidence of marijuana use discovered in 2500-year-old cemetery in peaks of western China | Science
https://www.science.org/content/article/oldest-evidence-marijuana-use-discovered-2500-year-old-cemetery-peaks-western-china
Effects of Cannabis Use
Adverse Health Effects of Marijuana Use - PMC
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4827335/
Use of Marijuana: Effect on Brain Health: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35142225/
Edible marijuana products and potential risks for pediatric populations
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35634702/
The Scientific History of Cannabinoids | Science| Smithsonian Magazine
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/the-scientific-history-of-cannabinoids-180981561/
Health Effects | Marijuana | CDC
https://www.cdc.gov/marijuana/health-effects/index.html
How does marijuana affect the brain? Psychological researchers examine impact on different age groups over time
https://www.apa.org/monitor/2023/06/marijuana-effects-brain
Can cannabis kill? Characteristics of deaths following cannabis use in England (1998–2020) - PMC
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9716494
https://www.cancer.org/cancer/managing-cancer/treatment-types/complementary-and-integrative-medicine/marijuana-and-cancer.html
https://www.dea.gov/drug-information/drug-scheduling
22/04/24•1h 34m
261: The Science of Magic Mushrooms (with NOAHFINNCE)
You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel
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References & Further Reading
https://www.britannica.com/science/fungus
https://www.britannica.com/science/fungus
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22887928/
https://www.britannica.com/science/sclerotium
https://science.howstuffworks.com/magic-mushroom6.htm
https://www.dea.gov/sites/default/files/2020-06/Psilocybin-2020_0.pdf
https://science.howstuffworks.com/magic-mushroom6.htm
https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/substance-use/controlled-illegal-drugs/magic-mushrooms.html
https://asm.org/articles/2023/february/psilocybin-and-mental-health-the-magic-in-the-mush
https://adf.org.au/drug-facts/psilocybin/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3277578/
https://idp.nature.com/authorize?response_type=cookie&client_id=grover&redirect_uri=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nature.com%2Farticles%2Fs41598-020-59282-y
https://www.standard.co.uk/news/health/trial-magic-mushrooms-psilocybin-depression-maudsley-hospital-london-b1120423.html
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8901083/
https://adf.org.au/insights/magic-mushrooms-medicine/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6007659/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8156539/
https://www.theguardian.com/society/2023/dec/14/magic-mushroom-use-grows-in-england-and-wales-ons-figures-show
https://www.amsterdam.info/drugs/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legal_status_of_psilocybin_mushrooms
15/04/24•49m 58s
260: The Science of MDMA
This week we're talking about Molly, and Mandy, or whatever woman's name you want to call MDMA...
You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel
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References & Further Reading
https://www.history.com/topics/crime/history-of-mdma
https://nida.nih.gov/publications/research-reports/mdma-ecstasy-abuse/what-are-mdmas-effects-on-brain
https://nida.nih.gov/publications/research-reports/mdma-ecstasy-abuse/what-are-mdmas-effects-on-brain
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7878040/
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jEAr7ThsYew
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538482/
https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/news/newsroom/news-releases/2019/04/psychedelic-drug-mdma-may-reawaken-critical-period-in-brain-to-help-treat-ptsd
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34708874/
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-021-01336-3
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8820588/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24006318/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8639540/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482377/
08/04/24•1h 13m
259: The Science of Weight Loss Drugs: Wegovy & Ozempic
People are using a diabetes drug to lose weight, but does it actually owrk? Are there any risks? Should we even be using drugs for fat loss at all?
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References & Further Reading
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK562269/
https://healthmedia.blog.gov.uk/2023/09/04/accessing-wegovy-for-weight-loss-everything-you-need-to-know/
https://tspace.library.utoronto.ca/bitstream/1807/129409/2/AMED.2023.9946924.pdf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK551568/
https://health.ucdavis.edu/blog/cultivating-health/ozempic-for-weight-loss-does-it-work-and-what-do-experts-recommend/2023/07
https://www.diabetes.org.uk/about-us/news-and-views/ozempic-and-weight-loss-facts-behind-headlines
https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/22/well/ozempic-diabetes-weight-loss.html
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38300808/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38230266/
https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ta875/chapter/2-Information-about-semaglutide
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=laPaezEsteI
https://www.who.int/health-topics/obesity#tab=tab_3
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/obesity/
https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/diabetes/overview/what-is-diabetes/type-2-diabetes
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/type-2-diabetes/symptoms/
https://www.pewresearch.org/science/2024/02/26/how-americans-view-weight-loss-drugs-and-their-potential-impact-on-obesity-in-the-u-s/
https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a618008.html
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/type-1-diabetes/about-type-1-diabetes/what-is-type-1-diabetes/
01/04/24•1h 2m
258: Alexithymia: The Science of Emotional Blindness (with @NOAHFINNCE
Use code SCIGUYS at the link below to get an exclusive 60% off an annual Incogni plan: https://incogni.com/SCIGUYS
Alexithymia is the inability to understand or recognise emotions, so this week Noah joins us to talk about his feelings...
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References & Further Reading
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8456171/
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-suffolk-64253360
https://neuro.psychiatryonline.org/doi/10.1176/appi.neuropsych.14070169
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6056680/
https://www.britannica.com/science/emotion/The-structure-of-emotions
https://www.sciencefocus.com/the-human-body/what-are-emotions
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7005782/
25/03/24•1h 3m
257: The Science of Pregnancy (with Rebecca Hanssen)
Use code SCIGUYS at the link below to get an exclusive 60% off an annual Incogni plan: https://incogni.com/SCIGUYS
Luke is having a baby - surprise! So this week we're joined by the lovely Rebecca Hanssen to chat about pregnancy & the absolutely insane effects it has on the body...
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References & Further Reading
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK559304/#:~:text=Pregnancy%20is%20a%20state%20of,to%20sustain%20the%20growing%20fetus.
https://www.britannica.com/science/pregnancy/Anatomic-and-physiologic-changes-in-other-organs-and-tissues
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4928162/
https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2023/04/12/1159753316/pregnancy-start-conception
https://www.cam.ac.uk/stories/pregnancy-sickness-cause
https://www.nhs.uk/pregnancy/related-conditions/common-symptoms/vomiting-and-morning-sickness/
https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/folicacid/about.html#:~:text=Why%20folic%20acid%20is%20important,and%20spine%20(spina%20bifida).
https://www.nhs.uk/pregnancy/related-conditions/common-symptoms/bleeding-gums/
18/03/24•1h 2m
256: The Science of The Challenger Explosion
The Challenger Tragedy claimed the lives of 7 people, but maybe it shouldn't really be described as an accident...
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References & Further Reading
https://www.britannica.com/event/Challenger-disaster
https://www.nasa.gov/challenger-sts-51l-accident/
https://www.space.com/18084-space-shuttle-challenger.html
https://www.nasa.gov/history/35-years-ago-remembering-challenger-and-her-crew/
https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/challenger-explodes
https://digital.nls.uk/1980s/science-technology/challenger-disaster/
https://www.theguardian.com/science/2021/jan/29/us-space-shuttle-challenger-explodes-after-take-off-1986
https://www.history.com/news/how-the-challenger-disaster-changed-nasa
https://www.harpercollins.com/blogs/harperkids/space-shuttle-challenger-explosion
https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaelperegrine/2021/01/24/the-lasting-leadership-lessons-from-the-challenger-disaster/
https://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/doi/10.1176/ajp.156.10.1536
https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/01/28/464744781/30-years-after-disaster-challenger-engineer-still-blames-himself
https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/oct/16/challenger-disaster-american-netflix-space-shuttle
https://digital.nls.uk/1980s/science-technology/challenger-disaster/
https://www.history.com/news/how-the-challenger-disaster-changed-nasa
https://www.theguardian.com/science/2021/jan/29/us-space-shuttle-challenger-explodes-after-take-off-1986
https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/challenger-explodes
https://www.nasa.gov/history/35-years-ago-remembering-challenger-and-her-crew/
https://www.space.com/18084-space-shuttle-challenger.html
https://www.space.com/18084-space-shuttle-challenger.html
https://www.britannica.com/event/Challenger-disaster
https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/oct/16/challenger-disaster-american-netflix-space-shuttle
https://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/doi/10.1176/ajp.156.10.1536
https://www.history.com/news/big-bird-challenger-disaster-nasa-sesame-street
11/03/24•58m 19s
255: The Science of Free Money (Universal Basic Income)
Does UBI help people? Will it destroy the concept of work ethic? Is it even enough to fix Capitalism's problems? Let's see what science has to say about free money...
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References and Further Reading
References & Further Reading
Universal Basic Income
https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/fandd/issues/2018/12/what-is-universal-basic-income-basics
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8378560/
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0047272723000634
UBI Trials
https://www.vox.com/future-perfect/2020/2/19/21112570/universal-basic-income-ubi-map
https://www.theguardian.com/society/2023/jun/04/universal-basic-income-of-1600-pounds-a-month-to-be-trialled-in-england
https://www.london.gov.uk/who-we-are/what-london-assembly-does/questions-mayor/find-an-answer/universal-basic-income-trial-findings
https://www.givedirectly.org/2023-ubi-results/
UBI & Health
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0277953621007061
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0047272723000634
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34319878/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34319890/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7208547/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33789535/
UBI & Wealth
https://www.york.ac.uk/news-and-events/news/2022/research/basic-income-could-cut-poverty/
https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2023/nov/16/ai-is-coming-for-our-jobs-could-universal-basic-income-be-the-solution
04/03/24•1h 37m
254: The Science of Dyslexia
Trouble reading this? You might need glasses, or... you could be dyslexic - which, thanks to our patrons, is exactly what we're talking about this week!
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References and Further Reading
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/dyslexia/diagnosis/
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/dyslexia/symptoms/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557668/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2967798/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6430506/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30458541/
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/320507873_Dyslexia_and_Specific_Learning_Disorders_New_International_Diagnostic_Criteria
https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/specific-learning-disorder/what-is-specific-learning-disorder
https://www.bdadyslexia.org.uk/dyslexia/how-is-dyslexia-diagnosed
26/02/24•56m 30s
253: The Science of IQ
Whether you're a smarty pants or not, you should listen to this episode; it's guaranteed to make you smarter. Probably...
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References and Further Reading
https://www.britannica.com/science/IQ
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6927908/
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/12/121219133334.htm
https://www.science.org/content/article/what-does-iq-really-measure
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3341646/
https://www.cnbc.com/2021/03/10/harvard-psychologist-types-of-intelligence-where-do-you-score-highest-in.html
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/rational-and-irrational-thought-the-thinking-that-iq-tests-miss/
https://www.discovermagazine.com/mind/do-iq-tests-actually-measure-intelligence
https://science.howstuffworks.com/life/inside-the-mind/human-brain/question455.htm
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7709590/
19/02/24•1h 15m
252: The Science of Chronic Fatigue & Ear Seeds
Dragons' Den promoted a purported "cure" to ME/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, but are these Ear Seeds pseduoscience or a super-cure?
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References and Further Reading
https://www.forbes.com/sites/nomanazish/2022/11/26/everything-you-need-to-know-about-ear-seeding/?sh=12302f8452af
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-56482374
https://www.theguardian.com/society/2024/jan/24/doctors-complain-to-bbc-over-dragons-den-contestants-claim-to-have-cured-me
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-68097756
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532287/
https://www.britannica.com/science/acupuncture
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/acupuncture/
https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/acupuncture-what-you-need-to-know
https://www.bmj.com/content/376/bmj-2021-067475
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/chronic-fatigue-syndrome-cfs/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557676/
https://www.bmj.com/content/384/bmj.q204.full
12/02/24•1h 19m
251: The Science of Attachment Theory (with NOAHFINNCE)
We just can't shake the 5th Sci Guy, NoahFinnce, so it's pretty fitting that he's joining us to talk about Attachment Theory!
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References and Further Reading
https://learning.nspcc.org.uk/child-health-development/attachment-early-years
http://labs.psychology.illinois.edu/~rcfraley/attachment.htm
https://www.britannica.com/science/attachment-theory/Individual-difference-features-of-attachment-theory
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4085672/
https://www.simplypsychology.org/mary-ainsworth.html
https://psycnet.apa.org/doiLanding?doi=10.1037%2Ft28248-000
https://www.simplypsychology.org/disorganized-attachment.html
05/02/24•1h 15m
250: The Science of Capitalism (with The Champagne Socialist)
What does science say about capitalism? Harry (@thechampagne_socialist) joins as we chat about what science has to say about capitalism, whether it works, and how it affects your brain...
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References and Further Reading
Capitalism
The Origin of Capitalism, Ellen Meiksins Wood
https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/fandd/issues/Series/Back-to-Basics/Capitalism
https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2022/07/18/magazine/herman-daly-interview.html
UBI
https://www.london.gov.uk/who-we-are/what-london-assembly-does/questions-mayor/find-an-answer/universal-basic-income-trial-findings
https://www.theguardian.com/society/2023/jun/04/universal-basic-income-of-1600-pounds-a-month-to-be-trialled-in-england
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33789535/
Papers on Capitalism
https://www.pewresearch.org/topic/politics-policy/political-ideals-systems/capitalism/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10315660/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21332490/
https://scienceandsociety.columbia.edu/events/science-and-capitalism-entangled-histories
Peer Review & Open Access
https://www.washingtonpost.com/outlook/2019/06/03/is-thirst-profit-harming-scientific-research/
https://www.research-collection.ethz.ch/bitstream/handle/20.500.11850/281970/CUsersInfodeskDownloadssmw_148_w14600.pdf
Capitalism & Climate
https://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/see-and-do/climate-talks/capitalism-environmentalism
29/01/24•1h 36m
249: The Science of Mass Extinction
Let's start this year with a bang, and talk about all the times nearly everything on the planet died (and how humans might be making it happen again...)
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References and Further Reading
Mass Extinctions
https://www.britannica.com/science/mass-extinction-event
https://naturalhistory.si.edu/education/teaching-resources/life-science/early-life-earth-animal-origins
https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/what-is-mass-extinction-and-are-we-facing-a-sixth-one.html
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/mass-extinction
https://www.worldwildlife.org/stories/what-is-the-sixth-mass-extinction-and-what-can-we-do-about-it
https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/dinosaurs-ancient-fossils/extinction/mass-extinction
https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/evolution/library/03/2/l_032_04.html
https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.1400253
https://www.npr.org/2023/10/17/1206664432/21-species-extinct-fish-wildlife-birds
Anthropocene
https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/what-is-the-anthropocene.html
https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/anthropocene/
https://www.bbc.co.uk/newsround/64987187
https://phys.org/news/2023-03-scientists-disturbing-remote-island-plastic.html
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8016130/
22/01/24•55m 22s
248: The Science of Climate Anxiety (with Leena Norms)
The wonderful Leena Norms joins us to chat about the ever present unease with the end of the world as we know it. What a fun way to start the year...
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References & Further Reading
Climate Anxiety
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8499625/
https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/how-to-cope-with-eco-anxiety.html
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33389625/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34895496/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32623280/
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0887618520300773?via%3Dihub
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanplh/article/PIIS2542-5196(21)00278-3/fulltext
Climate Change
https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-global-temperature
https://climate.nasa.gov/evidence/
https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/climate-change-and-health
https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/science/key-findings
https://climate-change.data.gov.uk/
15/01/24•1h 7m
247: The Science of Vegansim
It's Veganuary again, so what better time to look into the science of veganism? Strap in and join us as we look into how large scale farming affects our planet, and whether veganism is actually worth it...
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References & Further Reading
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7256495/
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2021/sep/13/meat-greenhouses-gases-food-production-study
https://www.nature.com/articles/s43016-021-00358-x.epdf?sharing_token=TOTcNgshHIcyVRBXC2L7VNRgN0jAjWel9jnR3ZoTv0P5hJzOufiwVEu0osAOLG2L7YmizCBD0QPnXzpZvdgVd21n-7QUfEf8uD-CKplQ9ExzxDMLCmm-q527Wp8JIzM_Egm9B2aZIBUMO-vI9_80d1Y0jEMYHXFqa8GpUwxXkeJwiYfoJl3arDj3njdrwz0pFQy2ZBalLcHviN0deS-DDXb3y_kJq1iZeS-CsxtN7yuxBC9fRzqyhzJLSyI00OevCcEvsCxhkNq-h9wUvXHlxVobprBnmL-wp0SH1lJnMqEeOsI0cMfczKOCmfTUh86L&tracking_referrer=www.theguardian.com
https://www.nature.com/articles/s43016-023-00795-w
https://theconversation.com/vegan-diet-has-just-30-of-the-environmental-impact-of-a-high-meat-diet-major-study-finds-210152
https://www.cancer.ox.ac.uk/research/networks/EPIC
https://www.ox.ac.uk/news/2021-11-11-sustainable-eating-cheaper-and-healthier-oxford-study
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanplh/article/PIIS2542-5196(21)00251-5/fulltext
https://www.bbcgoodfood.com/howto/guide/vegan-diet-better-environment
https://www.worldwildlife.org/magazine/issues/winter-2015/articles/soy-the-biggest-food-crop-we-never-talk-about
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0271531721000191?via%3Dihub
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26853923/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7073751/
08/01/24•1h 3m
246: The Science of Deja Vu (Best of 2023)
Feel like you've seen this all before? That's because we're recapping the best bits from the last year of Sci Guys!
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References & Further Reading
01/01/24•1h 13m
245: How To Make a Man in 40 Days (with Chanel Williams)
Chanel Williams joins us as we chat about the strange scientist who swore you could make a mini-man, using only a pumpkin and some jizz... No, really. Recorded live in London, at Jamboree.
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References & Further Reading
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7256495/
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2021/sep/13/meat-greenhouses-gases-food-production-study
https://www.nature.com/articles/s43016-021-00358-x.epdf?sharing_token=TOTcNgshHIcyVRBXC2L7VNRgN0jAjWel9jnR3ZoTv0P5hJzOufiwVEu0osAOLG2L7YmizCBD0QPnXzpZvdgVd21n-7QUfEf8uD-CKplQ9ExzxDMLCmm-q527Wp8JIzM_Egm9B2aZIBUMO-vI9_80d1Y0jEMYHXFqa8GpUwxXkeJwiYfoJl3arDj3njdrwz0pFQy2ZBalLcHviN0deS-DDXb3y_kJq1iZeS-CsxtN7yuxBC9fRzqyhzJLSyI00OevCcEvsCxhkNq-h9wUvXHlxVobprBnmL-wp0SH1lJnMqEeOsI0cMfczKOCmfTUh86L&tracking_referrer=www.theguardian.com
https://www.nature.com/articles/s43016-023-00795-w
https://theconversation.com/vegan-diet-has-just-30-of-the-environmental-impact-of-a-high-meat-diet-major-study-finds-210152
https://www.cancer.ox.ac.uk/research/networks/EPIC
https://www.ox.ac.uk/news/2021-11-11-sustainable-eating-cheaper-and-healthier-oxford-study
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanplh/article/PIIS2542-5196(21)00251-5/fulltext
https://www.bbcgoodfood.com/howto/guide/vegan-diet-better-environment
https://www.worldwildlife.org/magazine/issues/winter-2015/articles/soy-the-biggest-food-crop-we-never-talk-about
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0271531721000191?via%3Dihub
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26853923/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7073751/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7073751/
https://www.vegansociety.com/go-vegan/definition-veganism
https://www.statista.com/topics/7297/veganism-in-the-united-kingdom/#topicOverview
25/12/23•38m 13s
244: The Science of Dyspraxia & Sensory Processing Disorders
Our patrons demanded we talk about the sicence of Sensory Processing Disorder, and that's exactly what we're doing this week!
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References & Further Reading
https://archive.org/details/sensoryintegrati00ayre/page/n11/mode/2up
https://childmind.org/article/the-debate-over-sensory-processing/
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/285591455_DSM-5_Application_for_Sensory_Processing_Disorder_Appendix_A_part_1
https://eput.nhs.uk/media/b2sdvcsb/sensory-processing-disorder-information-leaflet-for-parents.pdf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3149116/
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1877117320300648?via%3Dihub
https://www.additudemag.com/slideshows/signs-of-sensory-processing-disorder/
https://www.additudemag.com/slideshows/signs-of-sensory-processing-disorder/
18/12/23•44m 35s
243: The Science of Addiction & ADHD (with ADHD Love's RØRY)
The rates of substance abuse are far higher amongst those with ADHD, so this week ADHD Love's Rox joins us to talk about addiction, sobriety, and ADHD!
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References & Further Reading
Addiction
https://nida.nih.gov/research-topics/addiction-science/drugs-brain-behavior-science-of-addiction
https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/types-of-mental-health-problems/recreational-drugs-alcohol-and-addiction/drug-and-alcohol-addiction-useful-contacts/
https://www.nhs.uk/live-well/addiction-support/addiction-what-is-it/
ADHD
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder-adhd/
https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/adhd/index.html
https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/adhd/data.html
https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/adhd/facts.html
https://cks.nice.org.uk/topics/attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder/background-information/prevalence/#:~:text=In%20the%20UK%2C%20the%20prevalence,and%20in%20people%20with%20disabilities.
ADHD & Addiction
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4414493/
https://chadd.org/about-adhd/co-occuring-conditions/
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/advances-in-psychiatric-treatment/article/adhd-with-comorbid-substance-use-disorder-review-of-treatment/C0B6C471528932F7402424742F0AA463
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4403287/
https://www.additudemag.com/addictive-behaviors-adhd/
https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/substance-use-and-mental-health#:~:text=Occurring%20Mental%20Disorders-,Overview,most%20severe%20form%20of%20SUD.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0376871620303343
ADHD Medication
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4147667/
https://childmind.org/article/adhd-meds-lead-addiction/
ADHD Children
https://www.additudemag.com/children-with-adhd-avoid-failure-punishment/
11/12/23•53m 35s
242: The Science of Amnesia
We can't quite remember what we talked about in this episode, so I guess you'll have to get stuck in and find out for yourself...
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References & Further Reading
https://www.britannica.com/science/amnesia
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5861508/
https://www.theguardian.com/science/2015/may/29/amnesia-researchers-use-light-to-restore-lost-memories-in-mice
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960982222019066
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/how-our-brains-make-memories-14466850/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4246028/
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/human-memory
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2649674/
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/memory-loss-amnesia/
04/12/23•52m 13s
241: The Science of Rejection Sensitive Dysphoria (with NOAHFINNCE)
Extreme reactions to percieved rejection are common feelings amongst people with ADHD, but is the science there to back that up and explain wy it happens? That's what we're looking at in this week's episode Rejection Sensitive Dysphoria, voted for by our patrons
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References & Further Reading
ADHD
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder-adhd/symptoms/
RSD
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/24099-rejection-sensitive-dysphoria-rsd
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10569543/
Emotional Dysregulation
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/symptoms/25065-emotional-dysregulation
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1586/ern.12.109
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37747111/
27/11/23•1h
240: The Science of Just Stop Oil Protests
Do you care about the climate? How do you feel about Just Stop Oil? This week we're discussing the facts around climate change & how extreme protests affect public opinion.
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References & Further Reading
Just Stop Oil
https://juststopoil.org/faqs/
Public Order & Protest Laws
https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2023/655/made
Environmental Impacts of Fossil Fuels
https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/science/causes-effects-climate-change
https://www.nrdc.org/stories/fossil-fuels-dirty-facts
https://www.worldwildlife.org/threats/oil-and-gas-development
Protests
https://theconversation.com/just-stop-oil-do-radical-protests-turn-the-public-away-from-a-cause-heres-the-evidence-192901
https://theconversation.com/climate-change-radical-activists-benefit-social-movements-history-shows-why-181977
https://brookes.cloud.panopto.eu/Panopto/Pages/Viewer.aspx?id=384ad6d2-e8c1-4f38-bb5f-af1e00e54fda
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/2378023120925949
https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20230421-earth-day-the-science-of-climate-change-protest
https://www.gsb.stanford.edu/faculty-research/publications/activists-dilemma-extreme-protest-actions-reduce-popular-support
20/11/23•1h 5m
239: The Science of Conversion "Therapy"
The UK government have promised to ban Conversion "Therapy", and yet they've still neglected to actually get around to it. This week we dig into the facts around this harmful pseudoscience.
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References & Further Reading
Conversion Therapy
https://www.history.com/news/gay-conversion-therapy-origins-19th-century
https://www.stonewall.org.uk/everything-you-need-know-about-conversion-therapy
https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/conversion-therapy-an-evidence-assessment-and-qualitative-study/conversion-therapy-an-evidence-assessment-and-qualitative-study
https://www.aacap.org/App_Themes/AACAP/docs/Advocacy/policy_resources/AACAP-conversion-therapy-issue-brief.pdf
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2352552521001092
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8189432/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27474701/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10018052/
Banning Conversion Therapy
https://www.forbes.com/sites/jamiewareham/2023/11/02/lgbtq-celebrities-demand-immediate-conversion-therapy-ban-in-uk/
https://www.thepinknews.com/2023/11/06/conversion-therapy-kings-speech-uk-lgbtq/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5040471/
https://www.stonewall.org.uk/about-us/news/which-countries-have-already-banned-conversion-therapy
13/11/23•1h 11m
238: Seasonal Depression: The Science of Being SAD
Do you feel sad in Winter? If so you might have SAD! No, seriously... Seasonal Affective Disorder is a form of depression that follows a seasonal pattern. If you want to know more I guess you'll just have to watch!
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References & Further Reading
https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/seasonal-affective-disorder-sad/treatment/
https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/seasonal-affective-disorder-sad/symptoms/
https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/seasonal-affective-disorder
https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/types-of-mental-health-problems/seasonal-affective-disorder-sad/about-sad/
https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/mental-health/seasonal-affective-disorder-sad/
https://www.rcpsych.ac.uk/mental-health/mental-illnesses-and-mental-health-problems/seasonal-affective-disorder-(sad)
https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/seasonal-affective-disorder
https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/seasonal-affective-disorder/#inheritance
https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/vitamin-d/#:~:text=It%20is%20a%20fat%2Dsoluble,control%20infections%20and%20reduce%20inflammation.
https://www.nhs.uk/medicines/melatonin/common-questions-about-melatonin/#:~:text=It%20helps%20control%20your%20sleep,natural%20supply%20of%20the%20hormone.
06/11/23•1h
237: The Science of Bilinguals
There's some evidence that langauges can impact the way your brain works, but what happens when you know more than one? Thanks to our patrons, that's exactly what we're chatting about this week! Exclusively in English, unfortunately...
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References & Further Reading
Language
https://www.britannica.com/topic/language
Bilinguals
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4295724/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6168212/#:~:text=Bilinguals%20who%20learn%20two%20languages,referred%20to%20as%20sequential%20bilinguals.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5324728/
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/cogs.12672
How Language Affects the Brain
https://www.theguardian.com/science/2016/aug/07/being-bilingual-good-for-brain-mental-health
https://www.newyorker.com/science/maria-konnikova/bilingual-advantage-aging-brain
https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2016/02/the-battle-over-bilingualism/462114/
https://ilabs.uw.edu/sites/default/files/2017_FerjanRamirez_Kuhl_NAEYC.pdf
https://www.cambridge.org/elt/blog/2022/04/29/learning-language-changes-your-brain/
https://www.lancaster.ac.uk/news/articles/2017/language-shapes-how-the-brain-perceives-time/
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-language-shapes-thought/
https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20221103-how-language-warps-the-way-you-perceive-time-and-space
30/10/23•1h 14m
236: The Science of Long COVID
It's easy to be oblivious to the ongoign pandemic, but this week we decided to dig into one of the biggest impacts of COVID-19; Long COVID
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References & Further Reading
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/covid-19/covid-19-symptoms-and-what-to-do/
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/covid-19/long-term-effects-of-covid-19-long-covid/
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41579-022-00846-2
https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/long-term-effects/index.html
https://www.england.nhs.uk/coronavirus/post-covid-syndrome-long-covid/
https://www.bhf.org.uk/informationsupport/heart-matters-magazine/news/coronavirus-and-your-health/long-covid
https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/dysautonomia#:~:text=What%20is%20dysautonomia%3F,parasympathetic%20parts%20of%20the%20ANS.
https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2023/05/02/1172806898/why-viral-reservoirs-are-a-prime-suspect-for-long-covid-sleuths
https://covid19.who.int/
https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/
23/10/23•1h 19m
235: The Science of The Time-Travelling Cosmonaut
Sergei Krikalev, the forgotten cosmonaut, was left stranded in space thanks to the fall of the Soviet Union...
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References & Further Reading
Sergei
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sergey-Konstantinovich-Krikalyov
https://www.iafastro.org/biographie/sergey-krikalev.html
https://www.nasa.gov/missions/station/iss-research/down-to-earth-q-and-a-with-cosmonaut-sergei-krikalev/
https://spark.iop.org/time-travelling-astronaut
https://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Human_and_Robotic_Exploration/Eneide_-_Vittori_mission/Sergei_Konstantinovich_Krikalev
https://www.rbth.com/history/330415-last-soviet-citizen-cosmonaut
https://www.eurasiantimes.com/stranded-on-space-station-denied-entry-back-to-earth-russian-astronaut/
https://www.iflscience.com/when-the-soviet-union-collapsed-a-cosmonaut-was-left-stranded-in-space-57887
https://www.nytimes.com/1992/03/26/world/after-313-days-in-space-it-s-a-trip-to-a-new-world.html
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wDO4q9EaUg4
https://www.theneweuropean.co.uk/brexit-news-europe-news-the-last-citizen-of-the-soviet-union-7792442/
https://www.nytimes.com/1994/02/04/us/man-in-the-news-sergei-konstantinovich-krikalev-symbol-of-new-cooperation.html
Mir Space Station
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Mir-Soviet-Russian-space-station
Soviet Union
https://www.britannica.com/event/the-collapse-of-the-Soviet-Union/Aftermath-of-the-coup
https://www.britannica.com/story/why-did-the-soviet-union-collapse
Space Flight Records
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_spaceflight_records
https://www.bbc.co.uk/newsround/66787072
https://www.statista.com/chart/24605/people-who-have-spent-the-highest-the-number-of-days-in-space/
Dangers of Space
https://www.nasa.gov/humans-in-space/the-human-body-in-space/
16/10/23•1h 14m
234: The Science of ADHD Time Blindness
This week we take on the topic of time blindness; an experience common amongst people with ADHD, wherein perception of time is… a bit of a mess.
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References & Further Reading
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6556068/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6556068/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9962130/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6556068/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9962130/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9187895/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9297734/
https://www.psychologytoday.com/gb/blog/the-sensory-revolution/202306/how-to-tell-if-youre-time-blind
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25295647/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32996572/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5424262/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25295647/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36451126/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9714234/
https://www.britannica.com/science/time-perception/Perceived-duration
09/10/23•52m 43s
233: America's First Nuclear Disaster: SL1
Did a love triangle cause America's first nuclear disaster? You'll just have to watch and find out...
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References & Further Reading
SL-1
https://nypost.com/2021/10/16/was-worlds-first-fatal-nuclear-explosion-sparked-by-a-love-triangle/
http://environmental-defense-institute.org/publications/SL-1Accident.pdf
https://sma.nasa.gov/docs/default-source/safety-messages/safetymessage-2007-09-01-sl1nuclearreactorexplosion-vits.pdf?sfvrsn=8ea91ef8_4
https://inldigitallibrary.inl.gov/PRR/163645.pdf
https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/4828615
https://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/basic-ref/glossary/nuclear-poison-or-neutron-poison.html
Microreactors
https://www.energy.gov/ne/articles/what-nuclear-microreactor
https://www.defense.gov/News/Releases/Release/Article/2998460/dod-to-build-project-pele-mobile-microreactor-and-perform-demonstration-at-idah/
https://www.world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/nuclear-power-reactors/small-nuclear-power-reactors.aspx
02/10/23•55m 56s
232: The Science of IBS (Irritable Bowel Syndrome)
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25/09/23•1h 4m
231: The Science of Montessori (with Jessica Kellgren-Fozard)
Jessica (jessicaoutofthecloset) joins us this week to talk about Dr Maria Montessori and her groundbreaking method for education...
More from Jessica
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References & Further Reading
Jessica’s Montessori Video
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rX_TVG1DZuc
Maria Montessori
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00247-019-04560-9
https://www.newyorker.com/books/under-review/the-miseducation-of-maria-montessori
Montessori Studies
https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20230131-does-the-montessori-method-actually-work
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34899465/
https://www.forbes.com/sites/traversmark/2021/12/28/new-research-highlights-the-long-term-benefits-of-a-montessori-education/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10406168/
Gentle Parenting
https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/health-and-families/feet-tiktok-york-research-itv-b2227851.html
https://www.forbes.com/health/family/what-is-gentle-parenting/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10123053/
https://econtent.hogrefe.com/doi/full/10.1024/1422-4917/a000853?rfr_dat=cr_pub++0pubmed&url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori%3Arid%3Acrossref.org
https://academic.oup.com/pnasnexus/article/2/6/pgad145/7192947
18/09/23•1h 9m
230: AuDHD: The Science of Autism & ADHD (with Joris Lechêne)
This week Joris joins us to chat about combined Autism & ADHD, or AuDHD!
Follow Joris & check out the Meerkat Squad
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References & Further Reading
Autism
https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/autism/hcp-dsm.html
https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/autism/data.html
https://www.bma.org.uk/what-we-do/population-health/improving-the-health-of-specific-groups/autism-spectrum-disorder
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/autism/what-is-autism/
ADHD
https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/adhd/diagnosis.html
https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/adhd/data.html
https://cks.nice.org.uk/topics/attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder/background-information/prevalence/
AuDHD
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1586/14737175.2013.840417?journalCode=iern20
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8918663/#:~:text=According%20to%20the%20scientific%20literature,rate%20of%20comorbidity%20is%20intriguing.
https://bmcmedicine.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12916-020-01585-y
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1750946716300769
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4010758/
https://www.stir.ac.uk/people/1677005
11/09/23•1h 28m
229: The Science of Alzheimer's (with Dr Richard Oakley)
Dr Richard Oakley Associate Director of Research and Innovation at the Alzheimer's Society, joins us this week to talk about one of the biggest killers in the UK...
One in three people born in the UK today will develop dementia in their lifetime. This autumn, join thousands of others and sign up for free to an Alzheimer’s Society Memory Walk at https://memorywalk.org.uk
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References & Further Reading
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/alzheimers-disease/
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/alzheimers-disease/treatment/
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/alzheimers-disease/causes/
https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/alzheimers-disease-fact-sheet
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-66221116
https://www.alzheimers.org.uk/form/checklist-for-dementia-symptoms
https://www.alzheimers.org.uk/blog/what-is-donanemab-alzheimers-drug
https://www.alzheimers.org.uk/blog/lecanemab-new-drug-early-stage-alzheimers-disease
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3174086/
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557825/
https://www.thelancet.com/article/S0140-6736(20)30367-6/fulltext
04/09/23•1h 16m
228: The Science of Procrastination
Procrastination is leaving things until later... Or something. To be honest, I put off doing this so I'm phoning it in. Maybe listen to the episode?
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References & Further Reading
https://share.upmc.com/2015/07/the-science-behind-procrastination/
https://www.sciencefocus.com/science/procrastination/
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0191886906004454
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rrjc8Y6ZT28
https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/91793/1/Compass%20Paper%20revision%20FINAL.pdf
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.783570/full
https://www.nytimes.com/2019/03/25/smarter-living/why-you-procrastinate-it-has-nothing-to-do-with-self-control.html
https://www.apa.org/gradpsych/2010/01/procrastination
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8847795/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31679406/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4455841/
28/08/23•1h 10m
227: The Science of Sleep Deprivation
Do you get enough sleep? Try listening to this episode. Even if it doesn't work, at least you'll be more motivated to snooze!
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References & Further Reading
Sleep Basics
https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/public-education/brain-basics/brain-basics-understanding-sleep
Sleep Deprivation Basics
https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/sleep-deprivation
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5449130/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3940073/
Marie de Manacéïne
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/41563419_Some_Notes_on_the_Biography_of_Maria_Manasseina
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9322273/
https://iiif.wellcomecollection.org/pdf/b21975917
Peter Tripp
https://study.com/learn/lesson/peter-tripp-sleep-deprivation-experiment.html
https://www.reelradio.com/gifts/wmgmtripp.html
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4MT8ekBGyM4
https://www.wbur.org/npr/562305141/eleven-days-without-sleep-the-haunting-effects-of-a-record-breaking-stunt
How Sleep Deprivation Kills
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2928625/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6857280/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2928622/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32502393/
21/08/23•1h 25m
226: The Science of Social Interaction (Transactional Analysis)
Get tickets to our live show here!
Luke takes the reins this week to guide us through transactional analysis, the pop psychology of social interaction...
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References & Further Reading
https://www.simplypsychology.org/transactional-analysis-eric-berne.html
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321111663_Scientific_evidence_base_for_transactional_analysis_in_the_year_2010
https://www.counselling-directory.org.uk/transactional-analysis.html
https://www.simplypsychology.org/transactional-analysis-eric-berne.html#The-Ego-States
https://mcpt.co.uk/transactional-analysis-and-ego-states/#:~:text=The%20parent%20ego%20state%20contains,the%20%27oughts”%20of%20life.
https://www.cosmopolitan.com/uk/love-sex/relationships/a39489576/what-is-weaponised-incompetence/
https://www.counselling-directory.org.uk/memberarticles/a-brief-introduction-to-transactional-analysis
https://www.gp-training.net/transactional-analysis/parent-adult-child-ego-states/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transactional_analysis
https://youtu.be/nKNyFSLJy6o
14/08/23•1h 20m
225: The Science of Tuberculosis
John Green started an online war against J&J, all over a drug for Tuberculosis. So this week we're delving into the science of TB, and digging into the controversy surrounding it…
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References & Further Reading
https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/tuberculosis
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/tuberculosis-tb/
https://www.cdc.gov/tb/default.htm
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK441916/
Tuberculosis Treatment Patents
https://wellcome.org/news/tuberculosis-curable-and-preventable-why-do-millions-still-die
https://time.com/6295511/how-an-innovative-deal-will-give-millions-access-to-cheaper-tuberculosis-drugs/
https://www.science.org/content/article/major-drug-company-bends-battle-over-access-key-tb-treatment
Gram Staining
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK562156/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2857177/
07/08/23•1h 17m
224: The Science of Psychological Manipulation
You're a bad person if you don't listen to this episode... Either that or this was just an example of this week's topic, psychological manipulation!
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References & Further Reading
https://psycnet.apa.org/home
https://www.sciencefocus.com/the-human-body/are-we-all-manipulative/
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00974/full
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0191886906004776?via%3Dihub
https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/ethics-manipulation/
http://openpsychometrics.org/tests/MACH-IV/1.php
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00454/full
https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/31801
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manipulation_(psychology)
https://www.worldcat.org/title/991673448
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/2158244020971615
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00454/full
https://www.psychologytoday.com/gb/blog/communication-success/201510/14-signs-psychological-and-emotional-manipulation
31/07/23•1h 21m
223: Oppenheimer & The Science of Atomic Bombs
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References & Further Reading
https://www.manhattanprojectvoices.org/oral-histories/j-robert-oppenheimers-interview
https://www.atomicheritage.org/profile/j-robert-oppenheimerhttps://ee.stanford.edu/~hellman/sts152_02/handout02.pdf
https://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii/trinity-test
https://web.archive.org/web/20140904084107/http://www.wsmr.army.mil/PAO/Trinity/Pages/RalphSmithseyewitnessaccountoftheTrinitytriptowatchblast.aspx
https://ahf.nuclearmuseum.org/ahf/history/science-behind-atom-bomb
24/07/23•1h 10m
222: The Antivenom Conspiracy
Snake bites can be deadly, but luckily we have an incredibly effective treatment in antivenom. So why do thousands still die from snake venom annually? This week, we're slithering our way to the bottom of the antivenom conspiracy!
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References & Further Reading
https://www.zmescience.com/feature-post/antivenom-made-precious/
https://www.who.int/teams/control-of-neglected-tropical-diseases/snakebite-envenoming/antivenoms#:~:text=They%20are%20made%20by%20immunizing,defences%20to%20eliminate%20these%20toxins
https://www.aaas.org/sites/default/files/sw-091613-bitingback.pdf
https://www.si.edu/spotlight/antibody-initiative/antivenom
https://www.popularmechanics.com/science/health/g561/how-to-make-antivenom-why-the-world-is-running-out/?slide=1
https://www.fic.nih.gov/News/GlobalHealthMatters/september-october-2022/Pages/antivenom-brief-history.aspx
https://www.britannica.com/science/venom
https://www.britannica.com/science/antibody
17/07/23•1h 5m
221: The Science of Sigmund Freud (with NOAHFINNCE)
From Oedipus to Electra, envying members, and superegos - this week we dive into the life of Sigmund Freud with the 5th Sci Guy, NoahFinnce!
Check out Noah's music
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@notcorry / @lukecutforth
References & Further Reading
Freud Biography
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sigmund-Freud
https://www.biography.com/scientists/sigmund-freud
https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/freud_sigmund.shtml
Freudian Theories
https://www.livescience.com/54723-sigmund-freud-biography.html
https://journalpsyche.org/the-freudian-theory-of-personality/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3115290/
https://www.freud.org.uk/2003/06/12/homophobia/
https://www.livescience.com/why-freud-was-wrong.html
https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/freud_sigmund.shtml
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sigmund-Freud/Toward-a-general-theory
10/07/23•55m 36s
220: The Science of the Titan Sub Implosion
OceanGate's Titan Sub recently suffered a catastrophic implosion whilst attempting to visit the Titanic. This week we're parsing through the science & answering your questions on this entirely avoidable incident
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References & Further Reading
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Titanic/Aftermath-and-investigation
https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/6/23/what-is-a-catastrophic-implosion-all-about-the-titanic-sub
https://eu.usatoday.com/story/graphics/2023/06/23/catastrophic-implosion-graphics-explain-how-the-search-for-the-lost-titanic-sub-titan-unfolded/70345807007/
https://www.reuters.com/world/search-intensifies-titanic-sub-with-only-hours-oxygen-left-2023-06-22/
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=29co_Hksk6o&t=447s
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/innovation/worlds-first-deep-diving-submarine-plans-tourists-see-titanic-180972179/
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-65934887
https://www.npr.org/2023/06/23/1183976726/titan-titanic-sub-implosion-navy
https://www.npr.org/2023/06/20/1183273102/titan-missing-sub-titanic-rescue-oceangate
https://web.archive.org/web/20210804224656/http://www.compositesworld.com/articles/composite-submersibles-under-pressure-in-deep-deep-waters
https://web.archive.org/web/20210416163438/https://www.compositesworld.com/articles/deepsea-submersible-incorporates-composite-pressure-capsule
https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/science/science-news/11291994/Sir-Richard-Branson-quietly-shelves-Virgin-submarine-plan.html
https://apnews.com/article/titan-titanic-submersible-design-49b8c2a713f316ce5987a394a27d23e8
https://www.insider.com/titanic-sub-banging-sounds-experts-noises-theories-for-source-titan-2023-6
03/07/23•1h 11m
219: The Science of Bisexual Women (with Shaaba)
Are all women a little bit bi? According to the news, that's what science says... Shaaba joins us this week to separate fact from fibs, as we dive into research of bisexuality in women!
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References & Further Reading
https://psycnet.apa.org/fulltext/2015-48448-001.pdf?auth_token=1932f885720642ba6bd5b07f11d27e0f3ed59bbf
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-34744903
https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/love-sex/women-are-never-straight-they-are-either-gay-or-bisexual-study-suggests-a6723276.html
https://www.essex.ac.uk/blog/posts/2023/02/02/women-are-more-likely-to-identify-as-bisexual-can-research-into-sexual-arousal-tell-us-why
https://www.essex.ac.uk/people/riege57202/gerulf-rieger
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-017-18372-0
26/06/23•1h 29m
218: The Science of Trans Athletes (with Schuyler Bailar - PinkMantaray)
This week Schuyler Bailar joins us as we dive in to share his insights as we dive into the science surrounding transgender athletes & the facts of trans inclusion in sport.
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References & Further Reading
Overview of Transgender Athletes
Sabine’s Video (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cZ9YAFYIBOU)
Jangles Video (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6VtjgZF9RE8)
https://docs.google.com/document/d/102bypjtxt5gxDBJwdBJh10b9FgKoWoiu5ZZz5a8u-1U/edit
https://www.hrc.org/resources/get-the-facts-about-transgender-non-binary-athletes
https://www.aclu.org/news/lgbtq-rights/four-myths-about-trans-athletes-debunked
Women in Sport
https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/28/sports/title-ix-anniversary-womens-sports.html
https://www.outsports.com/trans/2022/3/1/22948400/transgender-trans-athlete-championship-national-world-title
https://www.outsports.com/trans/2022/1/6/22867761/lia-thomas-penn-swimming-trans-truth-myth
Laws & Regulations
https://www.science.org/content/article/world-athletics-banned-transgender-women-competing-does-science-support-rule
https://www.reuters.com/lifestyle/sports/world-governing-body-tightens-restrictions-transgender-dsd-athletes-2023-03-23/
https://www.reuters.com/lifestyle/sports/uk-athletics-apply-world-bodys-transgender-rules-2023-03-31/
https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/mar/31/uk-athletics-bans-transgender-athletes-from-female-competition
https://health.gov/sites/default/files/2020-09/YSS_Report_OnePager_2020-08-31_web.pdf
Testosterone & Puberty
https://www.healthline.com/health/high-testosterone-in-women#outlook
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1429
https://www.health.harvard.edu/medications/testosterone--what-it-does-and-doesnt-do
Hormone Studies on Athletes
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24593684/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25137421/
Effects of Medical Gender Transition
https://www.science.org/content/article/scientist-racing-discover-how-gender-transitions-alter-athletic-performance-including
https://cosmosmagazine.com/people/transgender-women-in-sport/
https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/61346517
https://www.nbcnews.com/feature/nbc-out/trans-women-retain-athletic-edge-after-year-hormone-therapy-study-n1252764
https://ec.bioscientifica.com/view/journals/ec/8/7/EC-19-0196.xml
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31794605/
https://bjsm.bmj.com/content/55/15/865
https://academic.oup.com/jes/article/5/Supplement_1/A792/6241278?login=false
Sex-Based Advantages
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/if-a-persons-lung-size-ca/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12773331/
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-49284389
Mixed Gender Competition
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9031995/
19/06/23•1h 39m
217: The History of Trans Science (with NOAHFINNCE)
Have you heard about the first ever trans clinic? If not, there's a reason why that might be... Noah joins us this week to chat about Magnus Hirschfeld & the Institut für Sexualwissenschaft!
Check out Noah's music
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References & Further Reading
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/the-forgotten-history-of-the-worlds-first-trans-clinic/
https://www.hmd.org.uk/resource/6-may-1933-looting-of-the-institute-of-sexology/
https://magnus-hirschfeld.de/ausstellungen/institute/
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Magnus-Hirschfeld
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12/06/23•1h
216: The Science of Gay Uncles (with Vegard)
This week Vegard joins us to discuss the gay uncle hypothesis, a possible answer to the evolutionary mystery of homosexuality...
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References & Further Reading
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3338633/
https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-26089486.amp
https://www.psychologicalscience.org/news/were-only-human/the-super-uncles-of-samoa.html
https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.1719534115
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05/06/23•52m 0s
215: The Science of Auditory Processing Disorders
What was that? An episode on auditory processing disorders? You're gosh darn right!
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References & Further Reading
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/auditory-processing-disorder/
https://www.gosh.nhs.uk/medical-information-0/auditory-processing-disorder/
https://www.healthline.com/health/auditory-processing-disorder#vs-dyslexia
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6124895/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7654752/
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29/05/23•1h 10m
214: The Science of Spanking
Is it good to make children scared and violent? This is a debate people are having somehow... Anyway let's see what science has to say
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References & Further Reading
apa.org/monitor/2012/04/spanking
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3447048/
https://www.gse.harvard.edu/news/uk/21/04/effect-spanking-brain
https://www.gse.harvard.edu/news/uk/21/04/effect-spanking-brain
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/what-science-says-and-doesn-t-about-spanking/
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/what-science-really-says-about-spanking/
https://www.theatlantic.com/family/archive/2018/11/spanking-kids-effective/574978/
https://www.theatlantic.com/family/archive/2018/11/spanking-kids-effective/574978/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/School_corporal_punishment_in_the_United_States
https://time.com/3387226/spanking-can-be-an-appropriate-form-of-child-discipline/
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22/05/23•59m 39s
213: Bill Nye the Science Guy
Bill! Bill! Bill! Bill Nye the Science Guy doesn't join us this week, but we're chatting about him anyway. Join us as we dive into his life story & figure out whether Bill Nye is an actual scientist, or just a TV show host...
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References & Further Reading
https://www.planetary.org/profiles/bill-nye
https://www.famousscientists.org/bill-nye/
https://www.biography.com/personality/bill-nye
https://www.discovermagazine.com/the-sciences/is-bill-nye-the-science-guy-really-a-scientist
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15/05/23•57m 32s
212: The Science of Hypnosis
You're feeling very sleepy... and excited to watch this episode... as we dive into the science of hypnosis!
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References & Further Reading
https://www.britannica.com/science/hypnosis
https://science.howstuffworks.com/science-vs-myth/extrasensory-perceptions/hypnosis8.htm
https://time.com/6171844/how-hypnosis-works/
https://www.sciencefocus.com/the-human-body/is-there-any-scientific-explanation-for-hypnosis/
https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20220519-does-hypnosis-work
https://www.apa.org/monitor/2011/01/hypnosis
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/hypnotherapy/
https://www.health.harvard.edu/mental-health/the-power-of-the-placebo-effect
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3115290/
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08/05/23•1h 8m
211: The Science of Time Travel
From Doctor Who to Back to the Future, time travel is an idea that we can't seem to get enough of in science fiction, but this week we're discussing the science facts of bouncing around in time! Turns out time travel may not be as impossible as you think...
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References & Further Reading
Psychiatric Ward Basics
https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/guides-to-support-and-services/crisis-services/treatment-in-hospital/
History of Psychiatric Wards
https://www.nursing.upenn.edu/nhhc/nurses-institutions-caring/history-of-psychiatric-hospitals/
https://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/objects-and-stories/medicine/victorian-mental-asylum
https://www.nlm.nih.gov/hmd/diseases/early.html
https://www.newscientist.com/gallery/history-of-asylums/
Effectiveness of Psychiatric Wards
https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/psych-wards-arent-what-you-think-ive-seen-lives-saved-there/2017/07/21/cb92acb6-619e-11e7-a4f7-af34fc1d9d39_story.html
https://wchh.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/pnp.443
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1116562/
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0272494418303955
https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/2C0B7D6D3E7EB5DC48B87BE7E7398BD4/S2056469400001376a.pdf/inpatient_rehabilitation_clinical_outcomes_and_cost_implications.pdf
https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/A2D872065294E62058712243A20EA0CB/S0007125000277490a.pdf/the-psychiatric-ward-as-a-therapeutic-space-systematic-review.pdf
The Patients’ Perspective
https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/guides-to-support-and-services/crisis-services/treatment-in-hospital/
https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2021/nov/20/treatment-nhs-psychiatric-ward-mental-health-crisis
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4724788/
https://www.southernhealth.nhs.uk/our-services/a-z-list-of-services/adult-mental-health-services
01/05/23•1h 19m
210: The Science of Talking Dogs
Can Bunny the dog really understand English, is it a hoax, or maybe something else entirely? This week we're using science to tackle the important questions & find out whether the TikTok dog can really talk...
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References & Further Reading
https://www.vice.com/en/article/4ad4dm/can-bunny-the-talking-dog-really-talk
https://www.nytimes.com/2021/05/27/style/bunny-the-dog-animal-communication.html
https://www.theverge.com/21557375/bunny-the-dog-talks-researchers-animal-cognition-language-tiktok
https://www.sciencefocus.com/nature/bunny-how-to-speak-dog/
24/04/23•51m 47s
209: The Science of Race (with Jamp)
After 4 years of Sci Guys we’re tackling our biggest topic yet! This week we’re asking whether race exist biologically or is it just a social construct? So strap in & get ready for decades of nonsense to be debunked!
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References & Further Reading
Race & Ethnicity Basics
https://www.britannica.com/topic/race-human
https://www.genome.gov/genetics-glossary/Race
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/culture/article/race-ethnicity
History of Race
https://psycnet.apa.org/fulltext/2005-00117-003.pdf?auth_token=699db5b1de2c85afbddc7ac7066bc2424224ef56
Scientific Racism
https://library.harvard.edu/confronting-anti-black-racism/scientific-racism
https://www.npr.org/sections/codeswitch/2019/07/10/416496218/is-race-science-making-a-comeback
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/disturbing-resilience-scientific-racism-180972243/
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-02244-w
Species & Taxonomy
https://www.nature.com/scitable/definition/species-312/#:~:text=A%20biological%20species%20is%20a,nature%20and%20produce%20fertile%20offspring.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxonomic_rank#/media/File:Taxonomic_Rank_Graph.svg
https://www.britannica.com/animal/dog/Related-canids
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Neanderthal/Neanderthal-classification
Race & Genetics
https://www.nature.com/articles/ng1435
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8604262/
https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2018/04/reich-genetics-racism/558818/
https://www.discovermagazine.com/planet-earth/race-is-real-but-its-not-genetic
https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.aac4951?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori:rid:crossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub%20%200pubmed
https://science.howstuffworks.com/life/genetic/people-bananas-share-dna.htm#:~:text=About%2060%20percent%20of%20our,the%20banana%2C%22%20Brody%20adds.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4037248/
Race as a Social Construct
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/race-is-a-social-construct-scientists-argue/
https://www.pbs.org/race/000_About/002_04-background-01-07.htm
https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803100515181;jsessionid=7230B73AAF4E7C31C72AF1CA7E2DE2E7
Race in Research
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3808769/
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17/04/23•1h 50m
208: The Science of Bullying
Bullying is a strangely accepted part of life; no matter how much schools (and workplaces) do to avoid it, bullies still manage to torment their victims. This week we take a look at the science to find out what makes a bully & whether there are any tactics to tackle this persistent problem
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References & Further Reading
1. https://samgoldstein.com/resources/articles/general/the-science-of-bullying.aspx
2. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7957129/
3. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4552909/
4. https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-022-01837-2
5. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK390414/
6. https://www.science.org/content/article/better-health-through-bullying
7. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23937767/
8. https://www.pacer.org/bullying/info/stats.asp
9. https://www.stopbullying.gov/resources/facts
10. https://www.betterhelp.com/advice/self-esteem/the-top-reasons-why-people-bully/
11. https://www.psychologytoday.com/gb/basics/bullying
12. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30604449/
13. https://www.gov.uk/bullying-at-school/bullying-a-definition
10/04/23•1h 4m
207: The Science of Psych Wards
Psychiatric hospitals & mental asylums often receive a bad rap in fiction, but is there any truth to that? This week we dive into the crazy history and science of psych wards!
CORRECTION
We mentioned that one can be admitted to a psychiatric ward via showing up at the ward itself, without prior referral.
This is very much *not* the case (as detailed in #1 of our references & further reading). In the UK one should speak to a GP, psychiatrist, or another healthcare specialist for a referral to inpatient psychiatric care.
Apologies for the error! We make an effort to an accurate & reliable source of information, and while sometimes we make mistakes, we are always open to corrections.
If you spot any points that need correcting, head to sciguys.co.uk/corrections
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References & Further Reading
Psychiatric Ward Basics
https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/guides-to-support-and-services/crisis-services/treatment-in-hospital/
History of Psychiatric Wards
https://www.nursing.upenn.edu/nhhc/nurses-institutions-caring/history-of-psychiatric-hospitals/
https://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/objects-and-stories/medicine/victorian-mental-asylum
https://www.nlm.nih.gov/hmd/diseases/early.html
https://www.newscientist.com/gallery/history-of-asylums/
Effectiveness of Psychiatric Wards
https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/psych-wards-arent-what-you-think-ive-seen-lives-saved-there/2017/07/21/cb92acb6-619e-11e7-a4f7-af34fc1d9d39_story.html
https://wchh.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/pnp.443
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1116562/
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0272494418303955
https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/2C0B7D6D3E7EB5DC48B87BE7E7398BD4/S2056469400001376a.pdf/inpatient_rehabilitation_clinical_outcomes_and_cost_implications.pdf
https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/A2D872065294E62058712243A20EA0CB/S0007125000277490a.pdf/the-psychiatric-ward-as-a-therapeutic-space-systematic-review.pdf
The Patients’ Perspective
https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/guides-to-support-and-services/crisis-services/treatment-in-hospital/
https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2021/nov/20/treatment-nhs-psychiatric-ward-mental-health-crisis
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4724788/
https://www.southernhealth.nhs.uk/our-services/a-z-list-of-services/adult-mental-health-services
03/04/23•1h 13m
206: The Science of Aromantics
Not all love is romantic and some people just don't feel romantic attraction - so out Patrons have asked us to cover the science of being aromantic & the effects of amatonormativity!
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References & Further Reading
https://www.stonewall.org.uk/about-us/news/5-things-you-should-know-about-aromantic-people#:~:text=What%20does%20aro%20mean%3F,or%20interaction%20with%20an%20individual.
https://idp.springer.com/authorize?response_type=cookie&client_id=springerlink&redirect_uri=https%3A%2F%2Flink.springer.com%2Farticle%2F10.1007%2Fs10508-021-02187-2
https://escholarship.org/uc/item/285899t4
https://med-fom-brotto.sites.olt.ubc.ca/files/2020/02/Antonsen-2020_Article_AceAndAroUnderstandingDifferen.pdf
https://www.aromanticism.org/en/research#research-guidelines
https://www.wired.co.uk/article/what-is-love
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4911849/
https://www.aromanticism.org/en/all-terms
27/03/23•1h 18m
205: The Science of The Gay Voice (with NOAHFINNCE)
Why do gay men sound... gay? NoahFinnce joins us as we find out whether this is just a tired stereotype, or a real phenomenon!
Check out Noah's Music!
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References & Further Reading
jstor.org/stable/455948?seq=2#metadata_info_tab_contents
https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2015/07/28/what-it-means-to-sound-gay/
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S002199240800066X
20/03/23•58m 31s
204: The Science of BPD (with Elliot Douglas)
Elliot returns to chat about Borderline Personality Disorder, clear up misconceptions & share what it it's like to live with!
Follow Elliot on Instagram!
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References & Further Reading
https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/borderline-personality-disorder/causes/
https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/types-of-mental-health-problems/borderline-personality-disorder-bpd/about-bpd/
https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/borderline-personality-disorder#part_2244
https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg78
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1863557/
https://www.psychologytoday.com/gb/blog/fulfillment-any-age/202012/the-brain-science-behind-emotions-in-borderline-personality
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3494330/
bpdfoundation.org.au/diagnostic-criteria.php
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK430883/
13/03/23•1h 7m
203: The Science of AI Art (with Rob Denbleyker)
This week, @ExplosmEntertainment 's Rob Denbleyker joins us to chat about the ever mounting horror that is AI generated art...
Check out Rob's work: explosm.net
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References & Further Reading
https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2022/nov/12/when-ai-can-make-art-what-does-it-mean-for-creativity-dall-e-midjourney
https://www.americanscientist.org/article/ai-is-blurring-the-definition-of-artist
https://www.nytimes.com/2022/09/02/technology/ai-artificial-intelligence-artists.html
https://www.britannica.com/art/visual-arts
https://www.ibm.com/uk-en/cloud/learn/what-is-artificial-intelligence
https://www.britannica.com/technology/artificial-intelligence/Alan-Turing-and-the-beginning-of-AI
https://openai.com/blog/chatgpt/
https://chat.openai.com/chat
https://www.craiyon.com/
https://www.sciencefocus.com/news/dall-e-mini-the-messy-ai-image-generator-making-your-meme-dreams-come-true/
https://www.sciencefocus.com/future-technology/gpt-3/
06/03/23•1h 1m
202: The Science of Migraines
Migraine is a deceptively debilitating and surprisingly common neurological condition, a massive thanks to our Patrons for voting on this topic & giving us the opportunity to learn more about it!
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References & Further Reading
27/02/23•56m 0s
201: The Science of Eating Disorders
Ahead of Eating Disorder Awareness Week, we're chatting about EDs, calorie counting, how our culture exacerbates the problem, and tons more!
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References & Further Reading
ED Test
https://screening.mhanational.org/screening-tools/eating-disorder/
Eating Disorders
https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/feelings-symptoms-behaviours/behaviours/eating-disorders/overview/
https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/eating-disorders
https://cks.nice.org.uk/topics/eating-disorders/management/
https://www.apa.org/monitor/2016/04/eating-disorders
https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/olivia-petter/are-eating-disorders-really-contagious_b_9767704.html
Calorie Counting
https://www.psychologytoday.com/gb/blog/the-neuroscience-eating-disorders/202105/calorie-counts-and-eating-disorders-neuroscience
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5700836/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3409365/
20/02/23•1h 16m
200: The Science of Prison
To mark 200 episodes of Sci Guys we're tackling studies on incarceration, and asking the question: Does prison work?
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References & Further Reading
Prison Basics
https://www.britannica.com/topic/prison
https://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/SN04334/SN04334.pdf
https://prisonreformtrust.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/Prison-the-facts-2022.pdf
https://www.gov.uk/life-in-prison/prisoner-privileges-and-rights
Does Prison Work?
https://youtu.be/BsTIHo-_A1k
https://youtu.be/4iEcL6TVw9g
https://youtu.be/BXSv2nO5LeM
https://youtu.be/6mMwrS30XT8
https://www.law.ac.uk/resources/blog/is-prison-effective/
https://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/justice-and-prison-reform/prison-reform-and-alternatives-to-imprisonment.html
https://www.wlv.ac.uk/media/departments/faculty-of-social-sciences/documents/wolverhampton-law-journal/edition-4/(2020)-4-WLJ-64.pdf
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/do-prisons-make-us-safer/
https://www.prisonpolicy.org/reports/pie2022.html#:~:text=Together%2C%20these%20systems%20hold%20almost,centers%2C%20state%20psychiatric%20hospitals%2C%20and
Stanford Prison Experiment
https://youtu.be/KND_bBDE8RQ
https://nypost.com/2018/06/14/famed-stanford-prison-experiment-was-a-fraud-scientist-says/
Working in Prison
https://uklabourlawblog.com/2022/12/12/pay-for-work-in-prison-by-virginia-mantouvalou/#:~:text=A%20freedom%20of%20information%20request,that%20send%20work%20to%20prisons.
https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/politicsandpolicy/prisoners-labour-shortages/
https://uklabourlawblog.com/2022/12/12/pay-for-work-in-prison-by-virginia-mantouvalou/#:~:text=A%20freedom%20of%20information%20request,that%20send%20work%20to%20prisons.
Prison & Mental Health
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/inm.12733
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5008459/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4311616/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4311616/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32258357/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26330175/
Alternatives to Prison
https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2022/09/29/prison-release-covid-pandemic-incarceration/
https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2019/aug/16/we-know-that-prison-doesnt-work-so-what-are-the-alternatives
https://famm.org/wp-content/uploads/FS-Alternatives-in-a-Nutshell.pdf
Autism Study
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5286449/
13/02/23•1h 34m
199: The Science of Tinnitus (with Jamie Loxton)
Can you hear that? If so, you might have tinnitus... The wonderful Jamie Loxton joins us this week as we work our way through the science of this phantom sound!
Check out Jamie's podcast: https://open.spotify.com/show/3z2IExquSAcjMontKCFYrn?si=e57152b210314c63
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References & Further Reading
06/02/23•1h
198: The Science of PCOS (with Leena Norms)
The lovely Leena Norms joins us this week to talk about Polycystic Ovary Syndrome!
Check out Leena: https://www.youtube.com/@leenanorms
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References & Further Reading
https://www.scientificanimations.com/wiki-images/
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/polycystic-ovary-syndrome-pcos/
https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/basics/pcos.html
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459251/
https://www.nature.com/articles/nrdp201657
https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/pcos/conditioninfo/diagnose
https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/pcos/conditioninfo/diagnose
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3737989/
https://helloclue.com/articles/cycle-a-z/androgens-101/
https://www.londonwomenscentre.co.uk/info/news/difference-ovarian-cysts-pcos
https://helloclue.com/articles/cycle-a-z/what-you-may-not-know-about-pcos-questions-and-misconceptions/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8603735/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7513432/
https://ihra.org.au/18106/what-is-intersex/
https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/gender-identity/sex-gender-identity/whats-intersex
https://www.unfe.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/UNFE-Intersex.pdf
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(19)32764-3/fulltext
https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/environmentalaccounts/articles/whatisthedifferencebetweensexandgender/2019-02-21
30/01/23•1h 19m
197: The Ape & The Child (Live in London)
Thanks to Jamboree for having us: https://www.jamboreevenue.co.uk/
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References & Further Reading
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/guy-simultaneously-raised-chimp-and-baby-exactly-same-way-see-what-would-happen-180952171/
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h-4Wl3sxtj4
https://psy.fsu.edu/php/about/history/wnk/Benjamin%20and%20Bruce.pdf
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/348649207_Revisiting_The_Ape_and_The_Child_Experiment_A_Mindsponge_Approach
https://www.nature.com/articles/133891b0
https://ia802609.us.archive.org/6/items/apechildstudyofe00kell/apechildstudyofe00kell_bw.pdf
https://www.science.org/content/article/humans-can-outlearn-chimps-thanks-more-flexible-brain-genetics
23/01/23•53m 3s
196: The Science of ADHD Medication (with NOAHFINNCE)
NOAHFINNCE, the 5th Sci Guy, joins us this week to talk about ADHD medication, how it works, and whether we should be giving it to children!
Check out Noah's music: https://open.spotify.com/artist/6y7T3BaNMGAYgRbATEq4cM?si=ZgoHbyDLSeqaNSUFcYt0gg
Grab our merch now: http://normalcitizen.store
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References & Further Reading
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder-adhd/
https://www.fda.gov/consumers/consumer-updates/dealing-adhd-what-you-need-know
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2006/06/060626091749.htm
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3489818/
https://psychopharmacologyinstitute.com/publication/methylphenidate-for-adhd-mechanism-of-action-and-formulations-2194?canonical=/publication/methylphenidate-for-adhd-mechanism-of-action-and-formulations-2194
https://www.verywellmind.com/how-do-stimulants-for-adhd-work-20895
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2006/06/060626091749.htm
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3489818/
https://www.google.com/search?q=when+was+adhd+first+diagnosed&rlz=1C5CHFA_enGB727GB727&oq=when+was+adhd+&aqs=chrome.1.69i57j0i512l9.9016j1j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8
https://psychopharmacologyinstitute.com/publication/methylphenidate-for-adhd-mechanism-of-action-and-formulations-2194?canonical=/publication/methylphenidate-for-adhd-mechanism-of-action-and-formulations-2194
16/01/23•1h 1m
195: The Science of Vegan Pets
Can cats & dogs be vegan? That's the question we're tackling in this week's episode, so strap in and get ready to find out whether you should give your pet a more planet conscious diet, or just trade them in for a rabbit...
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References & Further Reading
https://bvajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1136/vr.m663
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/veggie-cat-food/
https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Omnivorous-dog-traits-revisited-Dogs-are-classified-as-omnivores-based-on-traits-that_fig1_268743597
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5035952/
https://bmcvetres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12917-021-02754-8
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0265662
https://www.livescience.com/pets-plant-based-diet
https://www.newscientist.com/article/0-vegan-pet-food-can-cats-and-dogs-be-happy-and-healthy-without-meat/
https://www.forbes.com/sites/quora/2016/05/09/the-single-reason-the-biggest-animals-are-herbivores/?sh=784d55731e00
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/wm-biology2/chapter/herbivores-carnivores-and-omnivores/
https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/herbivore
https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/carnivore
https://www.petmd.com/cat/nutrition/evr_ct_cat_nutritional_needs_different
https://www.brauer.com.au/health-library/nutrient-bioavailability-what-it-is-and-why-its-important/
https://www.ciwf.com/farmed-animals/pigs/#:~:text=Pigs%20are%20naturally%20omnivorous%20and,are%20used%20to%20hunt%20truffles.
https://www.canr.msu.edu/news/are_you_absorbing_the_nutrients_you_eat
https://www.latimes.com/science/la-sci-panda-diet-bamboo-protein-carnivore-20190503-story.html
https://physicsworld.com/a/eye-shape-reveals-whether-animal-is-predator-or-prey/#:~:text=The%20study%20reveals%20that%20herbivorous,tend%20to%20have%20vertical%20pupils.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F1Hq8eVOMHs
09/01/23•1h 9m
194: The Science of Alcohol (and Being Drunk) with NOAHFINNCE
This week we discuss the science of booze with a practical demonstration... The 5th Sci Guy, Noah, joins us as we learn how alcohol really works whilst getting a little tipsy!
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References & Further Reading
https://science.howstuffworks.com/alcohol.htm
https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/alcohol
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/alcohol-misuse/risks/
https://www.niaaa.nih.gov/alcohols-effects-health/alcohol-and-brain-overview
https://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/accumulating-glitches/how_and_when_did_humans/
https://www.livescience.com/48958-human-origins-alcohol-consumption.html
https://www.nhs.uk/live-well/alcohol-advice/calculating-alcohol-units/#:~:text=Units%20are%20a%20simple%20way,can%20process%20in%20an%20hour.
https://www.britannica.com/science/alcohol
02/01/23•1h 4m
193: Alien Invasion (Best of 2022)
Watch the Best of 2022: https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLk51mBkckTYj24DFrBfbu5SYAmx44TyeC
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26/12/22•2h 13m
192: The Science of Serial Killers (with NoahFinnce)
In the spirit of the season our patrons voted in serial killers as the final topic for this year... So strap in as we dip our toes into true crime & chat about the science of killers, the myths surrounding them, and the psychology of their biggest fans...
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References & Further Reading
https://thekeep.eiu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=4722&context=theses
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17143448/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32284784/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16838388/
https://thekeep.eiu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=4722&context=theses
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17143448/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7144278/
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/cbm.615
https://blog.oup.com/2021/04/what-can-neuroscience-tell-us-about-the-mind-of-a-serial-killer/
https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vSGtG_cFghBBi_Azq-9seQKuUH0iRWSWZzEowS4xR0O2niqMbYMWClyjgSg5EfmlllH2iO432O46yBc/pub
https://www.britannica.com/topic/serial-murder
https://www.discovermagazine.com/the-sciences/what-explains-the-decline-of-serial-killers
https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/antisocial-personality-disorder/#:~:text=Antisocial%20personality%20disorder%20is%20a,care%20for%20other%20people's%20feelings.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=serial%20killer%20psychology&page=2
https://thehighcourt.co/serial-killer-facts/#:~:text=Only%201%25%20of%20all%20committed,in%20the%20US%20each%20year.
https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20160331-why-are-we-eternally-fascinated-by-serial-killers
19/12/22•1h 10m
191: The Science of Pandemics & World of Warcraft (with 10000Hawks)
This week Jake (@10000Hawks) joins us to talk about the worst pandemic to ever shake the World... of Warcraft. In 2005 Blizzard Entertainment ran into a major issue when a WoW update resulted in the Corrupted Blood Incident...
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References & Further Reading
https://academic.oup.com/jid/article/200/7/1018/903237
https://www.britannica.com/science/pandemic
https://www.wired.co.uk/article/world-of-warcraft-coronavirus-corrupted-blood
https://escholarship.org/content/qt4qj303gp/qt4qj303gp_noSplash_a98544bf9b24082db88e4fd3ca838f88.pdf?t=q5jbq6
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corrupted_Blood_incident
https://www.zmescience.com/other/pieces/the-weird-world-of-warcraft-pandemic-of-2005/
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/article/PIIS1473-3099(07)70212-8/fulltext
https://www.washingtonpost.com/video-games/2020/04/09/world-warcraft-experienced-pandemic-2005-that-experience-may-help-coronavirus-researchers/
https://www.reuters.com/article/us-flu-virtual/online-blood-plague-offers-lessons-for-pandemics-idUKTRE53Q4HI20090427?edition-redirect=uk
https://mh.bmj.com/content/39/2/115.long
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_of_Warcraft
https://www.google.com/search?q=corrupted+blood+incident&rlz=1C5CHFA_enGB727GB727&sxsrf=ALiCzsbCejmTiU_NX3_e_R3iTh6g27jfmw:1667055432824&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjXlJO32YX7AhUbgP0HHcaWBLcQ_AUoAXoECAEQAw&biw=1512&bih=866&dpr=2#imgrc=yuZtqDSUjtAcCM
12/12/22•54m 55s
190: The Science of Self Driving Cars
Self driving cars are hitting our roads so it seems like a good time to find out how they work (and how they don't). This week we're covering the science of autonomous vehicles, the ethics that guide them, and how capitalism (and Elon Musk) could be making them worse than they need to be...
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References & Further Reading
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-018-07135-0
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352146520300995
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352146520300995
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352146520300995?ref=pdf_download&fr=RR-2&rr=753e48c77a1edd47
https://auto.howstuffworks.com/under-the-hood/trends-innovations/driverless-car.htm
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-018-07135-0
https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2022/08/25/tesla-elon-musk-demo/
https://www.vice.com/en/article/k7bzxm/lets-go-hit-this-kid-tesla-stans-find-actual-child-to-try-and-prove-teslas-dont-run-over-kids
https://www.theverge.com/2022/8/12/23302850/tesla-full-self-driving-child-crash-open-letter
https://www.nytimes.com/2022/02/01/business/tesla-recall.html
https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2022/aug/09/tesla-self-driving-technology-safety-children#:~:text=Since%202016%2C%20the%20agency%20has,where%20Teslas%20hit%20emergency%20vehicles.
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/34/Elon_Musk_Royal_Society_%28crop2%29.jpg
05/12/22•1h 9m
189: The Science of HIV & The AIDS Epidemic
World AIDs Day falls on the 1st of December, so this week we're covering the AIDS epidemic and some of the science behind HIV!
Get tickets to our Sci Guys: Live in London: https://sciguys.co.uk/tickets
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References & Further Reading
https://www.vox.com/2015/12/1/9828348/ronald-reagan-hiv-aids
https://www.history.com/topics/1980s/hiv-aids-crisis-timeline
https://www.hiv.gov/hiv-basics/overview/history/hiv-and-aids-timeline#year-1984
https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/basics/whatishiv.html
https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hiv-aids
https://www.cdc.gov/museum/online/story-of-cdc/aids/index.html
https://www.history.com/news/aids-epidemic-ronald-reagan
https://www.history.com/topics/1980s/history-of-aids#section_3
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/hiv-and-aids/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537293/
https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/basics/whatishiv.html#:~:text=Where%20did%20HIV%20come%20from,is%20called%20simian%20immunodeficiency%20virus.
https://www.cdc.gov/breastfeeding/breastfeeding-special-circumstances/maternal-or-infant-illnesses/hiv.html#:~:text=Can%20HIV%20be%20transmitted%20through,does%20not%20eliminate%20the%20risk.
https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/basics/hiv-transmission/ways-people-get-hiv.html
28/11/22•50m 55s
188: The Science of Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome
You might have heard of EDS, but it's a bit more than stretchy skin and doubled-joints, this week we dive into a range of Ehlers-Danlos Syndromes in this episode voted on by our patrons!
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References & Further Reading
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/ehlers-danlos-syndromes/
https://www.ehlers-danlos.org/what-is-eds/information-on-eds/diagnosis/
https://www.ehlers-danlos.com/what-is-eds/
https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/diseases/6322/ehlers-danlos-syndromes
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549814/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507709/#:~:text=Collagen%20is%20protein%20molecules%20made,tendons%2C%20bones%2C%20and%20ligaments.
https://www.britannica.com/science/protein/Special-structure-and-function-of-proteins#ref593800
https://thetab.com/uk/london/2016/02/23/meet-the-inspiring-fresher-whose-bones-dislocate-daily-23692
By self - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=1385193
21/11/22•47m 18s
187: The Science of Antidepressants
Scientists don't really know how antidepressants work... That sounds shocking but what does it really mean? In this week's episode, we're covering antidepressants and chatting about what scientists do & don't know about them!
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References & Further Reading
14/11/22•1h 5m
186: MK Ultra: The Science of Mind Control (with Do Go On's Matt Stewart & Dave Warneke)
The Do Go On boys join us this week to talk about MK Ultra, the CIA's super secret, insanely immoral mind control experiments! Somehow, talking giraffes, one way mirrors, and skinless hands wormed their way into the conversation. Guess you'll have to watch to find out how...
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References & Further Reading
https://www.intelligence.senate.gov/sites/default/files/hearings/95mkultra.pdf
edia.org/wiki/MKUltra#Experiments_on_Americans
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/what-we-know-about-cias-midcentury-mind-control-project-180962836/
https://digitalcommons.cedarville.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1005&context=history_capstones
https://www.npr.org/2020/11/20/937009453/the-cias-secret-quest-for-mind-control-torture-lsd-and-a-poisoner-in-chief
https://www.npr.org/2020/11/20/937009453/the-cias-secret-quest-for-mind-control-torture-lsd-and-a-poisoner-in-chief
https://www.history.com/topics/us-government/history-of-mk-ultra#section_2
https://www.npr.org/2019/09/09/758989641/the-cias-secret-quest-for-mind-control-torture-lsd-and-a-poisoner-in-chief
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00943/full
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482407/
https://www.theguardian.com/news/1999/mar/11/guardianobituaries2
07/11/22•54m 50s
185: The Science of Phobias (with NoahFinnce)
Boo! To celebrate Halloween, we're covering the very spooky topic of phobias... Also NoahFinnce (the 5th Sci Guy) is here too.
Check out Noah: https://www.youtube.com/noahfinnce
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References & Further Reading
https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/phobias/overview/#:~:text=A%20phobia%20is%20an%20overwhelming,about%20a%20situation%20or%20object.
https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/agoraphobia/overview/
https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/types-of-mental-health-problems/phobias/about-phobias/
https://www.apa.org/monitor/julaug05/figuring#:~:text=Studies%20like%20these%20have%20led,amygdala%20and%20related%20brain%20areas.&text=The%20detail%20and%20scale%20of,is%20extraordinary%2C%20according%20to%20Rauch.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5580526/
https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/types-of-mental-health-problems/phobias/causes-of-phobias/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK519704/table/ch3.t11/
https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/phobias#:~:text=About%2019%20million%20Americans%20have,both%20men%20and%20women%20equally
https://www.verywellmind.com/list-of-phobias-2795453
https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/mental-health/phobias
31/10/22•1h 3m
184: The Science of Social Anxiety (with Vegard)
Social anxiety (or social phobia) is a lot more than just feeling a bit uncomfortable around people - so this week, Vegard joins us to share his experiences while we chat about the science!
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References & Further Reading
https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/social-anxiety/#:~:text=Social%20anxiety%20is%20more%20than,before%2C%20during%20and%20after%20them.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK519712/table/ch3.t12/https://socialanxietyinstitute.org/dsm-definition-social-anxiety-disorder
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK519712/table/ch3.t12/
https://socialanxietyinstitute.org/dsm-definition-social-anxiety-disorder
https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/social-anxiety-disorder-more-than-just-shyness
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34074171/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4925696/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28836318/
https://www.verywellmind.com/difference-between-gad-and-social-anxiety-disorder-1393009
verywellmind.com/social-anxiety-disorder-causes-3024749
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6363285/
24/10/22•1h 6m
183: The ODD Science of Oppositional Defiant Disorder
Kids can be difficult, sometimes so difficult that we slap a psychiatric label on them because we're not sure what else to do. Oppositional Defiant Disorder is one of those labels given to kids that behave so poorly that adults can't handle them. This week, we chat about the disorder, prisons, & the pros and cons of pathologising some human behaviours...
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References & Further Reading
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557443/
https://childmind.org/article/what-is-odd-oppositional-defiant-disorder/
https://www.psychologytoday.com/gb/conditions/oppositional-defiant-disorder
https://www.aacap.org/AACAP/Families_and_Youth/Facts_for_Families/FFF-Guide/Children-With-Oppositional-Defiant-Disorder-072.aspx
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4762933/
https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2016/0401/p586.html
17/10/22•1h 5m
182: The Science of Deafness (with Elliot Douglas)
Deaf people are often excluded & misunderstood - particularly in the sciences. So we thought we'd take a look into the science of deafness & how the world treats deaf people in STEM. Joining us fro the chat is Elliot Douglas (theevolutionofelliot)! He may not be a sicentist but his deaf-initely worth paying attention to!
Check out Elliot: tiktok.com/@evolutionofelliot
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References & Further Reading
https://physicstoday.scitation.org/do/10.1063/pt.6.4.20210723a/full/
https://www.britishscienceassociation.org/blog/why-deaf-inclusion-matters
https://www.science.org/content/article/deaf-needs-hearing-impaired-scientists
https://leaps.org/deaf-scientists-just-created-over-1000-new-signs-to-dramatically-improve-ability-to-communicate/
https://www.noisyplanet.nidcd.nih.gov/hearing-loss-science#:~:text=Noise%2Dinduced%20hearing%20loss%20happens,the%20sound%20to%20the%20brain.
https://www.ndcs.org.uk/information-and-support/childhood-deafness/what-is-deafness/
https://hsci.harvard.edu/hearing-loss-0
https://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/how-do-we-hear
https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/hearingloss/types.html
https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/deafness-and-hearing-loss#:~:text=A%20person%20who%20is%20not,moderate%2C%20severe%2C%20or%20profound.
https://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/hearing-aids#:~:text=A%20hearing%20aid%20has%20three,the%20ear%20through%20a%20speaker.
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/hearing-aids-and-implants/
10/10/22•56m 42s
181: The Science of Linguistics (with Tom Scott)
This week Tom Scott joins us to chat about linguistics, the scientific study of language. If you learn anything from this episode, let it be that a conversation with someone that likes linguistics is always going to go off the rails with as many tangents as possible...
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References & Further Reading
https://www.linguisticsociety.org/resource/science-linguistics
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3yLXNzDUH58
https://linguistics.ucla.edu/undergraduate/what-is-linguistics/#:~:text=Linguistics%20is%20the%20scientific%20study,from%20other%20animal%20communication%20systems%3F
https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-1-349-27346-1
https://www.linguisticsociety.org/resource/science-linguistics
https://www.britannica.com/science/linguistics/The-20th-century
https://www.google.co.uk/search?q=is+linguistics+a+science&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8&hl=en-gb&client=safari
https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=linguistics
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3yLXNzDUH58
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet
https://www.ipachart.com/
https://linguistics.ucla.edu/undergraduate/what-is-linguistics/#:~:text=Linguistics%20is%20the%20scientific%20study,from%20other%20animal%20communication%20systems%3F
https://linguistics.uchicago.edu/undergraduate/why-study-linguistics
https://www.forbes.com/sites/robtoews/2022/02/13/language-is-the-next-great-frontier-in-ai/
https://www.linguisticsociety.org/content/why-major-linguistics#:~:text=Linguistics%20is%20a%20major%20that,%2C%20and%20meaning%20(semantics).
https://all-about-linguistics.group.shef.ac.uk/branches-of-linguistics/phonetics/#:~:text=Phonetics%20is%20a%20branch%20of,teeth%2C%20to%20produce%20particular%20sounds.
https://all-about-linguistics.group.shef.ac.uk/branches-of-linguistics/phonology/
https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2016/01/difference-between-language-dialect/424704/
https://www.britannica.com/topic/language/Historical-attitudes-toward-language
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hockett%27s_design_features
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4544681/#:~:text=Hockett%20presented%20a%20list%20of,seven%20properties%20he%20identified%20previously.&text=To%20these%20he%20added%20vocal,feedback%2C%20semanticity%2C%20and%20discreteness.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6232916/
https://www.thoughtco.com/syntax-grammar-1692182#:~:text=In%20linguistics%2C%20%22syntax%22%20refers,syntactic%20properties%20of%20a%20language.
https://www.thoughtco.com/semantics-linguistics-1692080
https://www.britannica.com/science/pragmatics
https://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/grammar/pron/features/schwa/
03/10/22•1h 21m
180: The Science of Kinks (with NoahFinnce)
Our patrons voted in kinks as this month’s topic - which (among other things) means opening up the DSM and seeing which fetishes are pathologised & which aren’t…
CW: pedophillia mention
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References & Further Reading
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3940015/#:~:text=Introduction-,Transvestic%20fetishism%20is%20having%20a%20sexual%20or%20erotic%20interest%20in,of%20the%20American%20Psychiatric%20Association.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32935177/ https://
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6525106/#!po=10.3659
https://amp.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/feb/14/science-bdsm-kink-biology-psychology-fifty-shades
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32119312/
https://www.huffpost.com/entry/difference-between-fetish-and-kink_n_5b58a59ae4b0b15aba94749b/amp
26/09/22•1h 12m
179: The Science of Circumcision
Circumcision is one of the oldest surgical procedures we still know of and perform today, but the question is why? Beyond the religious elements, are there any benefits to circumcising babies? Are they better off being circumcised before they can talk, or should we wait until they're able to consent? We're digging into the scientific debates surrounding those very questions in this week's episode...
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References & Further Reading
https://jme.bmj.com/content/30/3/241.1
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4277517/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4364150/
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1198743X16302683
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41443-020-00354-y
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1016/S0968-8080%2807%2929303-6
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3638798/
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/circumcision-in-men/
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/circumcision-in-boys/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3225416/
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/phimosis/
https://www.acog.org/womens-health/faqs/newborn-male-circumcision
19/09/22•1h 3m
178: The Science of Body Dysmorphia
Body Dysmorphic Disorder is a condition that most people have heard of, but they may not understand it as well as they think... This week, we take a dive into BDD & find out what it is, how it's treated, and more...
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References & Further Reading
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30806630/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29701157/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20623926/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28611331/
https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/body-dysmorphia/#:~:text=Body%20dysmorphic%20disorder%20(BDD)%2C,affects%20both%20men%20and%20women.
https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/types-of-mental-health-problems/body-dysmorphic-disorder-bdd/about-bdd/
12/09/22•1h 12m
177: The Science of Vaping
Vaping seems to have taken over the world in the past few years - one minute it doesn't exist, the next every teenager and their mum is sucking on an e-cig. It seems that vapes are safer than smoking, but that's not a very high bar... At least one major question remains to be answered: Is it safe to vape, or is vaping dangerous for your health?
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References & Further Reading
What is Vaping?
https://www.nhs.uk/live-well/quit-smoking/using-e-cigarettes-to-stop-smoking/
https://nida.nih.gov/publications/drugfacts/vaping-devices-electronic-cigarettes
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-61914166
https://okvape.co.uk/blog/vaping-beginners/brief-history-of-e-cigarettes/
Vaping & Nicotine Safety
https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/basic_information/e-cigarettes/Quick-Facts-on-the-Risks-of-E-cigarettes-for-Kids-Teens-and-Young-Adults.html
https://www.ccjm.org/content/86/12/789.long
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7274878/
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0163725821000395?via%3Dihub
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7285995/
https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/causes-of-cancer/smoking-and-cancer/is-vaping-harmful
https://www.bhf.org.uk/informationsupport/heart-matters-magazine/news/e-cigarettes
https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/can-vaping-damage-your-lungs-what-we-do-and-dont-know-2019090417734
https://www.lung.ca/lung-health/vaping-what-you-need-know#:~:text=Lung%20disease%3A%20Vaping%20can%20make,%2C%20in%20some%20cases%2C%20death.
https://ukhsa.blog.gov.uk/2018/02/20/clearing-up-some-myths-around-e-cigarettes/
https://www.bupa.co.uk/newsroom/ourviews/is-vaping-harmful
https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/wellness-and-prevention/5-truths-you-need-to-know-about-vaping#:~:text=1%3A%20Vaping%20is%20less%20harmful,many%20of%20which%20are%20toxic.
https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/basic_information/e-cigarettes/severe-lung-disease.html
Nicotine
https://www.britannica.com/science/nicotine
https://www.bat.com/nicotine
05/09/22•1h 14m
176: The Science of Autism & Gender Dysphoria
Autism and Gender Dysphoria seem to have some link that scientists have yet to crack, but our Patrons tasked us with getting to the bottom of this. So NoahFinnce, the fifth Sci Guy, joins us this week as we discuss the relationship between being autistic & being trans...
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References & Further Reading
https://www.autism.org.uk/advice-and-guidance/what-is-autism/autism-and-gender-identity
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/13623613211039113
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26753812/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532313/
29/08/22•1h 35m
175: The Science of The Obesity Paradox
Obesity is an epidemic in much of the western world, but is it really all that bad? The Obesity Paradox is the name given to something unexpected that some scientists have found when it comes to how obesity affects health...
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References & Further Reading
Obesity
https://www.nhs.uk/live-well/healthy-weight/bmi-calculator/
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/obesity/
https://www.who.int/health-topics/obesity#tab=tab_1
https://www.bmj.com/content/346/bmj.f1050
https://www.science.org/content/article/obesity-doesn-t-always-mean-ill-health-here-s-what-scientists-are-learning
https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg25333682-800-have-we-got-the-science-of-obesity-back-to-front/
Obesity Paradox
https://www.nytimes.com/2018/02/28/well/obesity-paradox-fails-to-hold-up-in-study.html
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2813817/
https://www.nature.com/articles/ijo201799
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40519-019-00815-4
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/03/180315203916.htm
https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.04.28.20082800v1
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7221058/
https://journal.chestnet.org/article/S0012-3692(21)00562-6/fulltext
22/08/22•1h 24m
174: The Science of Abortion Rights (& Dr Morgentaler)
Abortion rights have been rolled back in the USA thanks to a Supreme Court decision. So this week we delve into the process of abortions & the unbelievable story of Dr Morgentaler, a doctor who fought for abortion rights in Canada during the 70s & 80s - whilst continuing to provide (unfairly) illegal abortions.
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References & Further Reading
UK Abortion Law
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abortion_in_the_United_Kingdom#:~:text=Abortion%20in%20the%20United%20Kingdom%20is%20legally%20available%20through%20the,2)%20Regulations%202020.
Abortion
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/abortion/what-happens/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/search/research-news/906/
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/abortion-rights-are-good-health-and-good-science/
https://www.britannica.com/science/abortion-pregnancy
Morgentaler
https://embryo.asu.edu/pages/henry-morgentaler-1923-2013
https://scc-csc.lexum.com/scc-csc/scc-csc/en/item/288/index.do
https://www.nytimes.com/2013/05/30/world/americas/henry-morgentaler-abortion-doctor-in-canada-dies-at-90.html
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1346397/?page=1
15/08/22•1h 15m
173: The Stolen Discovery of DNA
DNA is the code for almost everything that makes you you - but the story behind how we discovered and learned more about this little molecule of life is filled with sexism and scandals...
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References & Further Reading
https://www.britannica.com/science/DNA
https://www.sciencefocus.com/the-human-body/dna-a-timeline-of-discoveries/
https://www.theguardian.com/science/2015/jun/23/sexism-in-science-did-watson-and-crick-really-steal-rosalind-franklins-data
https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/watson_and_crick.shtml
https://www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/discovery-of-dna-structure-and-function-watson-397/
https://www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/discovery-of-dna-structure-and-function-watson-397/
https://www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/rosalind-franklin-a-crucial-contribution-6538012/
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Rosalind-Franklin
https://lmuthisweek.lmu.edu/2021/03/22/sexism-in-science-was-rosalind-franklin-robbed-of-a-nobel-prize/#:~:text=In%20her%20short%20lifetime%20of,an%20affluent%20Anglo%2DJewish%20family.
08/08/22•1h 10m
172: Death of the Dinosaurs
We all know that the dinosaurs went extinct millions of years ago, but what exactly happened? Research into some brand new fossils may have given us a much better idea of exactly what happened on the day that the dinosaurs died out...
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References & Further Reading
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-61013740
https://www2.nau.edu/lrm22/lessons/chicken_wing/wing.html
https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-61013740.amp
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/dinosaur-extinction?cmpid=int_org=ngp::int_mc=website::int_src=ngp::int_cmp=amp::int_add=amp_readtherest
https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/dinosaur-extinction.html
https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/how-an-asteroid-caused-extinction-of-dinosaurs.html
https://www.forbes.com/sites/ericmack/2019/09/09/the-day-the-dinosaurs-died-told-in-horrifying-new-detail/amp/
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/why-birds-survived-and-dinosaurs-went-extinct-after-asteroid-hit-earth-180975801/
01/08/22•1h 1m
171: The Science of Life from Alien Planets: Panspermia
Where did life on Earth come from? Some famous scientists believed that aliens may have intentionally colonised Earth with microscopic life. It may sound crazy, but they might be more convincing than you think...
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References & Further Reading
Francis Crick
https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1962/crick/biographical/
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Francis-Crick
Leslie Orgel
https://www.nytimes.com/2007/11/05/us/05orgel.html
Crick & Ogel’s Panspermia Paper
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0019103573901103
Panspermia
https://www.newscientist.com/definition/panspermia/
https://astrobiology.nasa.gov/news/in-search-of-panspermia/
https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/guest-blog/the-origins-of-directed-panspermia/
https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/life-unbounded/the-panspermia-paradox/
https://astronomy.com/magazine/ask-astro/2017/10/meteorite-origins#:~:text=Famous%20astronomer%20Carl%20Sagan%20once,stellar%20systems%20is%20highly%20unlikely.
25/07/22•1h 12m
170: The Man Who Drank Radioactive Water (Until His Jaw Fell Off)
You might think no one would willingly drink liters of radioactive water, but that just means you clearly haven't heard of Ebenezer Byers - a man who did just that! Until his jaw came off...
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References & Further Reading
https://historyofyesterday.com/eben-byers-the-man-who-drank-radioactive-water-until-his-jaw-fell-off-d2634336b504
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/the-great-radium-scandal/
https://web.archive.org/web/20071113070153/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,743525,00.html
https://www.orau.org/health-physics-museum/collection/radioactive-quack-cures/pills-potions-and-other-miscellany/radithor.html
https://journals.lww.com/health-physics/Citation/1980/12000/INCEPTION_OF_STANDARDS_FOR_INTERNAL_EMITTERS,.28.aspx
https://www.nytimes.com/1932/04/02/archives/death-stirs-action-on-radium-cures-trade-commission-speeds-its.html
https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/cancer-in-general/treatment/radiotherapy/internal/radioactive-liquid-treatment/radium-223
https://people.uwec.edu/jolhm/EH/Rosenhoeft/index5.htm
18/07/22•1h 5m
169: Polyamory (with Spice8Rack)
Why are some humans monogamous while others are polyamorous? Spice8Rack joins us to give his insight while we chat about polyamory & some of the science surrounding this form of ethical non-monogamy.
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References & Further Reading
https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/polyamory
https://www.choosingtherapy.com/polyamory/
https://www.livescience.com/27128-polyamory-myths-debunked.html
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/10/191029182513.htm
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/new-sexual-revolution-polyamory/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8213580/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6910656/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8321986/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5436896/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6985779/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33833712/
https://yougov.co.uk/topics/relationships/trackers/how-brits-feel-about-polyamory
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2019.00230/full
https://www.sciencefocus.com/the-human-body/are-humans-naturally-monogamous/
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2018.00139/full
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2018.00030/full
11/07/22•1h 11m
168: The Science of Male Birth Control
Birth control pills currently only exist for females - but why is that? This week we discuss contraception for cis men & delve into the sexism that this research is steeped in...
Rowan's video: The Problem With "Google is Free" Activism https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nbUwkCfT3vU
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References & Further Reading
https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/birth-control-pill/what-are-the-disadvantages-of-the-pill
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/periods/
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/contraception/male-pill/
https://news.sky.com/story/amp/contraceptive-pill-for-males-is-99-effective-in-preventing-pregnancy-12573228
https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/pressroom/newsreleases/2022/march/non-hormonal-pill-could-soon-expand-mens-birth-control-options.html
https://www.newscientist.com/article/2313115-male-contraceptive-pill-is-safe-and-effective-in-tests-in-mice/amp/
https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn4237-male-contraceptive-trial-has-100-success/
https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/birth-control-pill/what-are-the-disadvantages-of-the-pill
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2940206/#__ffn_sectitle
04/07/22•1h 10m
167: Metoidioplasty: The Science of Bottom Surgery (with Dr Jamie Raines)
Jammidodger returns to the podcast this week as we cover metoidioplasty, a type of lower surgery mostly for transgender men and trasnmasc people! A huge thank you to our patrons for voting on this topic.
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References & Further Reading
https://www.gendergp.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/NHS-Gender-Protocol.pdf
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/21668-metoidioplasty
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2021.760284/full#B11
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6626308/
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/andr.13016
https://www.goldjournal.net/article/S0090-4295(20)31152-3/fulltext
https://www.grsmontreal.com/en/frequently-asked-questions/12-metaiodoplasty.html
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK547703/#:~:text=The%20Skene's%20glands%2C%20which%20are,to%20act%20as%20an%20antimicrobial.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6127556/#:~:text=The%20techniques%20have%20been%20refined,to%20create%20a%20small%20neophallus.
https://www.bladderandbowel.org/surgical-treatment/suprapubic-catheter/
27/06/22•1h 1m
166: The Science of Bisexual Men (with AreTheyGay)
Do bisexual men exist? Noted bisexual, "Are They Gay" joins us this week as we cover the studies that claimed to prove that bisexual men were, in fact, a myth.
AreTheyGay's channel: https://www.youtube.com/c/AreTheyGay
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References & Further Reading
Arousal Pattern Studies & Articles
https://www.nytimes.com/2005/07/05/health/straight-gay-or-lying-bisexuality-revisited.html
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2005.01578.x?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori%3Arid%3Acrossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub++0pubmed&
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7749350/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8000017/
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10508-011-9881-7
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7749278/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6175819/
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10508-011-9746-0
https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2003631117
https://bi.org/en/questions/all-women-are-bisexual-but-bi-men-dont-exist-right
eadt.co.uk/news/university-of-essex-research-on-bisexual-men-2685984
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-34744903
Bisexuality & Kinsey Scale
https://www.stonewall.org.uk/about-us/news/short-history-word-bisexuality
https://bi.org/en/101/Kinsey-Klein
https://kinseyinstitute.org/research/publications/kinsey-scale.php
20/06/22•1h 7m
165: Physics is Gay: The Science of LGBT+ Scientists (with Dr Ramón S. Barthelemy & Dr Timothy Atherton)
Brilliant scientists, Ramon S Barthelemy & Timothy Atherton join us this week to discuss their recent work looking at LGBT (and other marginalised) people in physics!
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References & Further Reading
https://journals.aps.org/prper/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevPhysEducRes.18.010124
First paper - European Journal of Physics
https://twitter.com/remakingstem
https://www.aps.org/careers/physicists/profiles/barthelemy.cfm
https://faculty.utah.edu/u6025022-RAMON_BARTHELEMY/research/index.hml
https://physicsworld.com/a/why-google-builds-quantum-computers-the-lgbq-experience-in-physics-cerns-carbon-footprint/
https://as.tufts.edu/physics/people/faculty/atherton
13/06/22•1h 17m
164: Biohacking: The Science of DIY HIV Treatment
Would you change your genetic code at home if you could? One man decided to try in an attempt to cure his HIV....
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References & Further Reading
Tristran Roberts & The Treament
https://twitter.com/aitherick?s=21
https://www.futurefrontiers.co/speakers/tristan-roberts/
https://www.nytimes.com/2018/05/19/style/biohacker-death-aaron-traywick.html
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-43973588.amp
https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2018/05/aaron-traywick-death-ascendance-biomedical/559745/
https://gizmodo.com/this-guy-just-injected-himself-with-a-diy-hiv-treatment-1819659724/amp
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-41990981.amp
https://law.stanford.edu/press/guy-just-injected-diy-hiv-treatment-facebook-live/
https://www.futurefrontiers.co/speakers/tristan-roberts/
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jpYE3cUogh0
Biohacking
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41587-019-0294-9
HIV & AIDS
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/hiv-and-aids/
https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/basics/livingwithhiv/treatment.html
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/hiv-and-aids/treatment/
https://www.who.int/health-topics/hiv-aids#tab=tab_1
https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/basics/livingwithhiv/treatment.html
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/hiv-and-aids/treatment/
https://www.commonwealthfund.org/publications/issue-briefs/2020/jan/us-health-care-global-perspective-2019
06/06/22•1h 2m
163: The Science of Munchausen by Proxy Syndrome
Munchausen By Proxy Syndrome (or, more correctly, Factitious Disorder Imposed on Another) is a condition wherein a person does almost everything they can to make someone else appear seriously ill. Portrayed persistently in pop culture, particularly with the case of Gypsy Rose - FDIA is widely known but not very well understood...
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References & Further Reading
https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/fabricated-or-induced-illness/overview/
https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/fabricated-or-induced-illness/signs/
https://adc.bmj.com/content/78/3/210
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2990557/
https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/munchausens-syndrome/overview/#:~:text=Munchausen's%20syndrome%20is%20a%20psychological,are%20the%20centre%20of%20attention.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32772954/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5875173/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5915702/
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0029646518300434?via%3Dihub
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29938745/
https://www.biography.com/news/gypsy-rose-blanchard-mother-dee-dee-murder
30/05/22•1h 6m
162: Training Surgeons Like Dogs
Turns out training people to perform surgery is actually quite difficult, so some scientists decided to copy animal trainers to see if it made a difference...
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References & Further Reading
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4773331/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1473025/
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/positive-reinforcement-helps-surgeons-learn/
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/positive-reinforcement-helps-surgeons-learn/
https://www.simplypsychology.org/operant-conditioning.html
23/05/22•54m 57s
161: The Science of Atomic Gardens
Scientists in the 20th century were looking for a way to use radiation that helped humanity instead of hurting it. So they decided to blast food with radiation to see if they could make it better. Here's how that worked out...
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References & Further Reading
By Nepenthes - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=12137858
https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2016/mar/13/growing-atomically-energised-plants-james-wong
https://www.ripleys.com/weird-news/atomic-gardening/
https://www.naro.go.jp/english/laboratory/nics/radbreedlab/index.html
https://www.naro.affrc.go.jp/archive/nias/eng/org/GR/IRB/#:~:text=The%20Institute%20of%20Radiation%20Breeding,Co%20source%20at%20the%20center.
https://www.popsci.com/science/what-is-an-atomic-garden/
https://www.atomicgardening.com/1958/10/01/rebuilding-plants/
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/garden-how-to/propagation/seeds/learn-about-irradiating-seeds.htm
https://www.ediblegeography.com/strange-and-beautiful-seeds-from-the-atom/
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Global-impact-of-mutation-derived-varieties-Ahloowalia-Maluszynski/6b80382ab33c62f9cb3e1028b473aa8b105207d4
https://www.nytimes.com/2007/08/28/science/28crop.html
https://pruned.blogspot.com/2011/04/atomic-gardens.html
http://www.atomicgardening.com/downloads/atomic-gardening-for-the-layman/
http://www.atomicgardening.com/1960/02/21/the-atomic-gardening-society/
https://www.google.com/search?q=why+does+radiationc+ause+mutation&rlz=1C5CHFA_enGB727GB727&oq=why+does+radiationc+ause+mutation&aqs=chrome..69i57j0i13j0i22i30l4j0i8i13i30l2j0i390l2.4312j0j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK218706/#:~:text=Ionizing%20radiation%20damages%20the%20genetic,transmitted%20from%20generation%20to%20generation.
https://www.iaea.org/newscenter/news/what-is-radiation
https://www.cdc.gov/nceh/radiation/what_is.html
https://www.sciencealert.com/fruits-vegetables-before-domestication-photos-genetically-modified-food-natural
genome.gov/genetics-glossary/Mutation
16/05/22•1h 13m
160: The Science of The Schmidt Pain Scale
Justin Schmidt has been stung by over 100 insects. Being a scientist, he used his experience to create a scale for measuring the pain of insect stings. You won't believe what some people do with the most painful sting we've found....
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References & Further Reading
https://www.nhm.ac.uk/scroller-schmidt-painscale/
https://www.nytimes.com/2016/08/21/magazine/the-connoisseur-of-pain.html
https://entomologytoday.org/2016/09/30/a-peek-into-the-mind-of-the-creator-of-the-schmidt-sting-pain-index/
https://choice.npr.org/index.html?origin=https://www.npr.org/2016/05/15/477852486/stung-by-83-different-insects-biologist-rates-his-pain-on-a-scale-of-1-to-ow
https://www.researchgate.net/scientific-contributions/Justin-O-Schmidt-40012997
https://amp.theguardian.com/environment/2018/may/11/experience-i-have-been-stung-by-150-species-of-insect
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/arch.940010205
https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/amp/news/2019/2/king-of-sting-rates-most-painful-insects-558529
https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/insect-stings
https://www.thoughtco.com/bullet-ant-sting-facts-4174296
09/05/22•1h 3m
159: The Science of Extra Thumbs
Scientists created a third thumb to help you with everyday tasks, here's the science behind it!
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References & Further Reading
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2021/may/robotic-third-thumb-use-can-alter-brain-representation-hand?utm_source=Portico&utm_medium=Print&utm_campaign=Portico2021
https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=TY6Dm4Klumc
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/icn/people/tamar-makin
https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/scirobotics.abd7935
https://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article?id=10.1371%2Fjournal.pbio.3000729
https://plasticity-lab.com/body-augmentation
https://plasticity-lab.com/
https://www.daniclodedesign.com/thethirdthumb
https://www.dezeen.com/2017/07/05/controllable-third-thumb-lets-wearers-extend-natural-abilities-royal-college-art-design-graduates/#
https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/scirobotics.abd7935#
https://www.youtube.com/watch?app=desktop&v=TY6Dm4Klumc
02/05/22•56m 50s
158: The Science of Swallowing Shrews
What happened to the scientist who swallowed a shrew? Find out in this week’s episode! Why did he do it? Find out in this week’s episode! Was it worth it? You know where to find out…
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References & Further Reading
https://reader.elsevier.com/reader/sd/pii/030544039590008X?token=2AD5CCE378AA407CB7D48BD3909243E42FB91C109A3C51013D4CC284A751D8352AD33368BBB8589D13CA3A71D0A6ACFA&originRegion=eu-west-1&originCreation=20220329231748
https://www.theguardian.com/education/2008/jul/01/improbableresearch.highereducation
https://www.science.org/content/article/crappy-navigation-system-and-shrew-swallowing-win-sciences-highest-dishonor
https://improbable.com/ig/winners/
https://www.jstor.org/stable/2421143
25/04/22•51m 47s
157: The Science of Gender Dysphoria (with NOAHFINNCE)
Sci Guys is 3 years old & our patrons chose Gender Dysphoria as the topic for this anniversary episode! NoahFinnce joins us to give his perspective on this as we discuss how gender dysphoria can affect trans (and sometimes cis) people!
Check out Noah’s music: https://open.spotify.com/album/41d02ZUTdg1D67AAFZ8UuI?si=2BGi_SIRRgO0fPVNSDqBjg
The videos mentioned:
Is Sex Binary: https://youtu.be/UpA42REDV8w
The Science of Gender: https://youtu.be/GrNRD2TkdBw
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References & Further Reading
Gender Dysphoria
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/gender-dysphoria/
https://www.britannica.com/science/gender-dysphoria
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532313/
https://www.psychiatry.org/psychiatrists/cultural-competency/education/transgender-and-gender-nonconforming-patients/gender-dysphoria-diagnosis
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/gender-dysphoria/symptoms/
https://gic.nhs.uk/info-support/gender-dysphoria/
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/296700032_The_DSM-5_Diagnostic_Criteria_for_Gender_Dysphoriahttps://www.england.nhs.uk/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/gender-development-service-children-adolescents.pdf
History of Gender Dysphoria
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22844818/
https://www.psychologytoday.com/gb/blog/political-minds/202010/the-weird-history-gender-dysphoria-research?amp
Cause of Gender Dysphoria
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/12/191202135655.htm
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7415463/
Male vs Female Brains
https://stanmed.stanford.edu/2017spring/how-mens-and-womens-brains-are-different.html#:~:text=Adjusted%20for%20total%20brain%20size,is%20bigger%20than%20a%20woman's.
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-00677-x
https://scholarship.shu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1018&context=locus
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6939487/
UK Gender Dysphoria Treatment Protocol
https://www.rcpsych.ac.uk/docs/default-source/improving-care/better-mh-policy/college-reports/cr181-good-practice-guidelines-for-the-assessment-and-treatment-of-adults-with-gender-dysphoria.pdf
https://www.gendergp.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/NHS-Gender-Protocol.pdf
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/gender-dysphoria/treatment/
Sex
https://dictionary.apa.org/sex-characteristic
18/04/22•1h 54m
156: The Science of Sleep Disorders
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References & Further Reading
https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/circadian-rhythm-disorders#:~:text=Circadian%20rhythm%20disorders%20are%20problems,to%20sleep%20and%20wake%20up.
https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/non-24-hour-sleep-wake-disorder/
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41398-020-0694-0
https://www.theravive.com/therapedia/circadian-rhythm-sleep-disorder-dsm--5-307.45-(icd--9--cm%2C-multiple-codes)
11/04/22•59m 38s
155: What Happens When You Die?
No one knows what happens when you die, but scientists may be a step closer to changing that...
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References & Further Reading
https://www.livescience.com/first-ever-scan-of-dying-brain
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnagi.2022.813531/full?utm_source=fweb&utm_medium=nblog&utm_campaign=ba-sci-fnagi-what-happens-in-the-brain-when-we-die
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-50601-6
https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2015/04/the-science-of-near-death-experiences/386231/
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/what-near-death-experiences-reveal-about-the-brain/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6139799/
04/04/22•1h 6m
154: The Science of Vanishing Twin Syndrome
Sometimes twins can battle it out while in the womb, resulting in one of them just... disappearing. This is vanishing twin syndrome, and it's far more common than you may first think.
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References & Further Reading
Twins & Pregnancy
https://www.genome.gov/genetics-glossary/identical-twins
https://www.twins.org.au/twins-and-families/about-twins/171-mirror-image-twins
https://www.nhs.uk/pregnancy/finding-out/pregnant-with-twins/
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/miscarriage/
Vanishing Twins
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK563220/#:~:text=Vanishing%20twin%20syndrome%2C%20as%20the,image%20of%20a%20vanishing%20twin.
https://time.com/4091210/chimera-twins/
https://www.livescience.com/teens-twin-found-inside-adbomen-fetus-in-fetu.html
Gestational Sac
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK551624/
28/03/22•1h 6m
153: Xenotransplants: The Man With a Pig Heart
Human organs are in short supply - but this year scientists decided to genetically modify a pig heart to save the life of a man with terminal heart disease. This xentoransplant is brand new science & had never been done before. This week we go over the crazy experiments and mind-blowing science that led to this medical marvel.
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References & Further Reading
Xenotransplantation
https://archive.bio.org/articles/xenotransplantation-benefits-and-risks-special-organ-transplantation
https://www.omixon.com/brief-history-xenotransplantation/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4684730/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3246856/
https://www.who.int/ethics/en/ETH_Nuffiled_xenotransplantation.pdf
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2019.03060/full
https://www.fda.gov/vaccines-blood-biologics/xenotransplantation
https://www.groomers-online.com/professional-c1/scissors-c22/left-handed-scissors-c265/groomers-elite-45-straight-left-handed-bull-nosed-scissors-p755
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34697231/
Organ Donation & Transplants
https://www.organdonation.nhs.uk/helping-you-to-decide/about-organ-donation/statistics-about-organ-donation/
https://www.organdonation.nhs.uk/helping-you-to-decide/about-organ-donation/living-donation/
https://www.nhsbt.nhs.uk/what-we-do/transplantation-services/organ-donation-and-transplantation/
First Pig Heart Transplant
https://www.economist.com/science-and-technology/2022/01/15/the-science-behind-the-first-successful-pig-to-human-heart-transplant
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-59944889.amp
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-022-00111-9
https://secure.jbs.elsevierhealth.com/action/consumeSsoCookie?redirectUri=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thelancet.com%2Faction%2FconsumeSharedSessionAction%3FJSESSIONID%3DaaaBetSmryb39fIGYw37x%26MAID%3DcerwNnXJRoDD37sdGKDXfw%253D%253D%26SERVER%3DWZ6myaEXBLFD8VbcQEfOcg%253D%253D%26I2KBRCK%3D1%26ORIGIN%3D695817921%26RD%3DRD%26exp%3DTEn4cY9Dbt214rWTophWGQ%25253D%25253D&code=null&acw=Secure;SameSite=None&utt=
https://amp.theguardian.com/science/2022/feb/03/german-researchers-to-breed-pigs-for-human-heart-transplants
21/03/22•1h 19m
152: The Science of Hysterical Pregnancies (with NOAHFINNCE)
What happpens when you're pregnant, but without actually being pregnant? These are hysterical pregnancies, and they are totally real. Find out more about these odd phantom foetuses in today's episode.
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References & Further Reading
Hysterical Pregnancies
https://www.psychdb.com/somatic/pseudocyesis
https://www.cureus.com/articles/40598-a-rare-case-of-pseudocyesis-in-a-patient-with-bipolar-disorder
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2738334/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3674939/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3361851/#__ffn_sectitle
https://www.britannica.com/science/false-pregnancy
https://www.britannica.com/science/hydatidiform-mole
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5894469/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4133423/
https://americanpregnancy.org/getting-pregnant/infertility/false-pregnancy/
Somatic Symptom Disorders
https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/somatic-symptom-disorder/what-is-somatic-symptom-disorder
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2990557/
https://www.psychdb.com/somatic/dsm-5/z-other-specified
14/03/22•1h 11m
151: The Australian Cane Toad Invasion
Australia's wildlife is known for being dangerous, but humans introduced a creature that gave them all a run for their money. The Cane Toad is an invasive species that has singlehandedly taken over Australia in only a few years...
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References & Further Reading
Invasive Species
https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/invasive-species/
https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/what-are-invasive-species.html
Cane Toads
https://media.nature.com/original/magazine-assets/d41586-021-02317-9/d41586-021-02317-9.pdf
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/amphibians/facts/cane-toad
https://australian.museum/learn/animals/frogs/cane-toad/
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/invasive-australian-cane-toads-are-more-cannibalistic-their-south-american-counterparts-180978558/
Introduction to Australia
https://pestsmart.org.au/toolkit-resource/how-did-the-cane-toad-arrive-in-australia/
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-australia-39348313.amp
https://amp.theguardian.com/world/2019/oct/26/australian-water-rats-cut-cane-toads-open-with-surgical-precision-to-feast-on-their-hearts
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18271722/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20919631/
https://www.pnas.org/content/101/49/17150
http://www.iucngisd.org/gisd/100_worst.php
07/03/22•1h 10m
150: The Science of Autism (with Cyarine)
Cyarine joins us this week to chat about the science of Autism!
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References & Further Reading
Autism
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(13)61539-1/fulltext
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3513682/
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/autism/what-is-autism/
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/autism/signs/adults/
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/pasteur-02445082
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3757918/
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/autism-spectrum-disorder/symptoms-causes/syc-20352928#:~:text=Genetics.,risk%20of%20autism%20spectrum%20disorder.
https://www.nature.com/articles/nrn.2017.112
https://www.bma.org.uk/what-we-do/population-health/improving-the-health-of-specific-groups/autism-spectrum-disorder#:~:text=It%20is%20estimated%20that%20around,diagnosis%20of%20autism%20spectrum%20disorder.
https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/autism/hcp-dsm.html
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/autism/other-conditions/
https://autisme.nl/media/120192/artikel_erfelijkehid_autisme.pdf
Aspergers
https://www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/All-Disorders/Asperger-Syndrome-Information-Page
Causes
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21299355/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25222596/
Gender & Sex Differences
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4284309/
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11920-019-1006-3
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5925757/
Treatments
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/autism/autism-and-everyday-life/fake-and-harmful-treatments/
https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/autism/conditioninfo/treatments
28/02/22•1h 37m
149: The 5 Stages of Grief: The Kübler-Ross Model
The 5 Stages of Grief are almost omnipresent in pop culture, but is the science behind it sound? Let's find out!
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References & Further Reading
Grief & the Kubler Ross-Model
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507885/
https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5325/gestaltreview.16.3.0312
https://www.sth.nhs.uk/clientfiles/File/Theory%20of%20Loss.pdf
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31746715/
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0030222818809766
https://www.britannica.com/science/thanatology
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6844541/
Elisabeth Kubler-Ross
https://time.com/3946458/kubler-ross-history/?amp=true
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/stories-53267505.amp
https://www.ekrfoundation.org/elisabeth-kubler-ross/
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/264310506_Elisabeth_Kubler-Ross
Kubler-Ross Alternatives
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7797418/
21/02/22•59m 28s
148: The Science of Love Languages
Love languages have become a staple in pop culture, but is there any science behind them? That's what we're taking a look at in this Valentine's special!
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References & Further Reading
https://www.5lovelanguages.com/quizzes/love-language/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24020933/
https://archive.org/details/fivelovelanguage00chap
https://www.nytimes.com/2011/11/20/fashion/can-gary-chapman-save-your-marriage-this-life.html
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/17464090500535822?scroll=top&needAccess=true
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17531984/
https://amp.theatlantic.com/amp/article/600283/
https://cdn.ymaws.com/www.psichi.org/resource/resmgr/journal_2020/25_3_hughes.pdf
https://www.wired.com/story/tiktok-algorithm-mental-health-psychology/amp
14/02/22•1h 7m
147: The Science of ASMR
ASMR seemed to take over the world in the 2010s... but is there any science behind it? That's what we're digging into this week!
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References & Further Reading
https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/04/magazine/how-asmr-videos-became-a-sensation-youtube.html
https://www.sciencefocus.com/the-human-body/asmr-more-than-a-feeling/amp/
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/is-asmr-real-or-just-a-pseudoscience/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29924796/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33232904/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31128572/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34769976/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33174254/
https://peerj.com/articles/851/
07/02/22•44m 5s
146: The Science of Octopus Sentience
Are octopusses sentient? According to the UK government, yes! Although that may not mean exactly what you think...
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References & Further Reading
Review of Cephalopod & Crustacean Sentience
1. https://www.lse.ac.uk/News/News-Assets/PDFs/2021/Sentience-in-Cephalopod-Molluscs-and-Decapod-Crustaceans-Final-Report-November-2021.pdf
2. https://www.livescience.com/39481-time-to-declare-animal-sentience.html
3. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4494450/
Octopus Info
1. https://www.britannica.com/animal/octopus-mollusk
Sentience
1. https://science.rspca.org.uk/sciencegroup/sentience
Habituation
1. https://www.britannica.com/topic/habituation
UK Government Sentience Bill
1. https://amp.theguardian.com/world/2021/jun/18/octopuses-and-lobsters-have-feelings-include-them-in-sentience-bill-urge-mps
2. https://www.livescience.com/cephalopods-and-crustaceans-recognised-as-sentient-in-uk
3. https://www.gov.uk/government/news/lobsters-octopus-and-crabs-recognised-as-sentient-beings
31/01/22•1h 15m
145: The Science of Beards (with Ellie Spigariol)
Why do humans have beards? And why is it predominantly men that are able to grow them? Scientists knuckled down and attempted to figure out the answer!
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References & Further Reading
1. https://www.britannica.com/topic/beard
2. https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20160418-the-real-reason-men-grow-beards
3. https://www.improbable.com
4. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1090513817302660
24/01/22•1h 13m
144: The Science of Empathy (And Rats)
Can rats feel empathy? It’s a tough question to tackle, and many scientists have worked on it over the years… but is it even possible to find the answer?
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References & Further Reading
https://www.science.org/doi/full/10.1126/science.1210789
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10071-013-0692-1
https://www.britannica.com/science/empathy
https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007%2F978-3-319-16999-6_158-1
https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007%2F978-981-287-080-3_69-1
https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1962-00569-001
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41386-019-0572-8
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4151454/
17/01/22•1h 4m
143: Xenobots: Science of Living Robots (That Reproduce?)
Is a robot a robot when it’s made of living cells? Scientists took frog cells and made them into tiny living robots with the apparent ability to build more of themselves from other cells!
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References & Further Reading
https://www.pnas.org/content/118/49/e2112672118
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32364479/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34043553
https://www.pnas.org/content/117/4/1853
News Articles
https://wyss.harvard.edu/news/team-builds-first-living-robots-that-can-reproduce/
https://choice.npr.org/index.html?origin=https://www.npr.org/2021/12/01/1060027395/robots-xenobots-living-self-replicating-copy
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/scientists-unveiled-the-worlds-first-living-robots-last-year-now-they-can-now-reproduce-180979150/
https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.newscientist.com/article/2299252-living-robots-made-from-frog-cells-can-replicate-themselves-in-a-dish/amp/
https://www.uvm.edu/news/story/team-builds-first-living-robots
10/01/22•1h 29m
142: The Moon Landing
For our first episode of 2022, we’re looking back at the first man on the moon! Join us on the journey as we look at the real story behind Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin’s (and Michael Collins’) giant step for mankind!
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References & Further Reading
Moon Landing Videos
https://youtu.be/S9HdPi9Ikhk
https://youtu.be/INQlaTnN2cg
Michael Collins
https://youtu.be/SWVgUwMTHEU
Wright Brothers
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Wright-brothers
The Moon
https://www.space.com/amp/before-apollo-what-we-didnt-know-about-moon.html
https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/moons/earths-moon/overview/
https://www.space.com/amp/55-earths-moon-formation-composition-and-orbit.html
https://www.space.com/amp/27029-moon-gravity-falling-astronauts.html
Kennedy Speech
https://er.jsc.nasa.gov/seh/ricetalk.htm
Pen Story
https://youtu.be/qGOrt_CRz_M
https://abcnews.go.com/amp/Politics/50-years-pen-saved-apollo-11/story?id=64228723
Apollo Missions
https://www.history.com/.amp/topics/space-exploration/moon-landing-1969
https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/apollo/apollo11.html
https://www.nasa.gov/wav/62284main_onesmall2.wav
https://www.bbc.co.uk/archive/moon-landings/z6bd382
https://www.history.com/.amp/news/moon-landing-apollo-11-facts
https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/apollo/missions/apollo11.html
https://www.forbes.com/sites/brucedorminey/2019/06/16/5-things-you-likely-never-knew-about-apollo-11/?sh=35b9a23ccecf
https://airandspace.si.edu/apollo-to-the-moon/online/apollo-11/about-the-spacecraft.cfm
03/01/22•1h 18m
141: Memory Machine (Best of 2021)
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To celebrate the end of the year - we visit our best moments of 2021 using a very scientific Memory Machine…
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27/12/21•2h 1m
140: The Science of Asexuality
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Our patrons voted for it and so we’ve done it, an episode on scientific studies surrounding asexuality!
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References & Further Reading
What is Asexuality?
https://www.stonewall.org.uk/about-us/news/six-ways-be-ally-asexual-people
https://www.birmingham.ac.uk/research/artslaw/openresearch/2021/asexuality.aspx
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/japp.12472
https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/teens/ask-experts/is-there-a-medical-reason-for-asexuality
Asexuality Research
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0959353512443668?journalCode=fapa
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00224499.2015.1015713?scroll=top&needAccess=true
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10508-008-9434-x
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0251074
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0251074
HSDD
https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/sex-pleasure-and-sexual-dysfunction/sexual-dysfunction/premature-ejaculation
20/12/21•1h 16m
139: The Science of Spider-Man
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In honour of Spider-Man: No Way Home we have taken it upon ourselves to create a real life Spider-Man. Or at the very least, figure out how what might be possible.
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References & Further Reading
Spider-Man
https://www.britannica.com/art/comic-book
Spiders
https://www.google.co.uk/amp/s/api.nationalgeographic.com/distribution/public/amp/animals/invertebrates/facts/spiders
https://www.google.co.uk/amp/s/amp.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2014/aug/09/ask-grown-up-spiders-stick-walls-ceilings
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/trade-secret-of-sticky-sp/
Radiation
https://www.epa.gov/radiation/radiation-basics
https://www.epa.gov/radiation/radiation-health-effects
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/article/060418-chernobyl-wildlife-thirty-year-anniversary-science
Soft Exosuits
https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/epoly-2020-0049/html
https://www.wired.co.uk/article/exosuit-sri-robotics-darpa-soldiers
Spider Silk
https://www.britannica.com/science/elasticity-physics
https://www.britannica.com/science/tensile-strength
https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/epoly-2020-0049/html
Gecko Gloves
https://news.stanford.edu/news/2014/november/gecko-inspired-device-112114.html
Spider Sense
https://www.forbes.com/sites/alexknapp/2013/02/23/prototype-suit-gives-you-real-life-spider-sense/amp/
13/12/21•1h 9m
138: The Science of Gay Sex (with Iain Gillespie)
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Iain joins us this week to talk about their research into queer people, sex, and losing your virginity!
Check out Bears in Trees album: https://open.spotify.com/album/4YDxrluNqhqrhcJ0ZkgfXc?si=mj-cPkwATfiQmTVDod4RFA
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References & Further Reading
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00224499.2021.1960944
https://www.stonewall.org.uk/lgbtq-inclusive-education-everything-you-need-know
https://www.bbc.co.uk/bbcthree/article/cacc0b40-c3a4-473b-86cc-11863c0b3f30
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-3-319-17341-2_2
06/12/21•1h 19m
137: The Science of Cults
Our patrons decided that cults would be the topic of this week’s episode, so here you go! A little lighter on the heavy science this week as we delve into what cults are, how they work, and why people might join them...
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References & Further Reading
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0956797620971654
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Jamie-Raines
http://repository.essex.ac.uk/29565/1/Being%20Transgender-%20Effects%20of%20Behaviour%2C%20Arousal%20and%20Wellbeing%20JR%20Thesis%2022.12.20.pdf
https://www.nytimes.com/1982/03/15/style/the-psychology-of-the-cult-experience.html
https://www.apa.org/monitor/nov02/cults.html
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2540138/?page=1
https://www.apa.org/monitor/nov03/jonestown
https://csuepress.columbusstate.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1356&context=theses_dissertations
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165178116319941
https://www.openculture.com/2020/10/why-do-people-join-cults.html
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165178116319941
http://cultresearch.org/definition-and-explanation-of-the-word-cult/
http://vivianlawry.com/psychology-of-cults/
http://www.psychology.uct.ac.za/sites/default/files/image_tool/images/117/Elizabeth.Ligthelm.pdf
https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2021/07/12/what-makes-a-cult-a-cult/amp
29/11/21•1h 6m
136: The Science of Transgender Sexuality (with JammiDodger)
Dr Jamie Raines joins us to talk through some of his groundbreaking research with trans men, and how gender affects arousal.
You can find more from Jamie over on his YouTube channel:
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References & Further Reading
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0956797620971654
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Jamie-Raines
http://repository.essex.ac.uk/29565/1/Being%20Transgender-%20Effects%20of%20Behaviour%2C%20Arousal%20and%20Wellbeing%20JR%20Thesis%2022.12.20.pdf
22/11/21•1h 15m
135: Sleep Paralysis Therapy & Dream Science (with Dr Baland Jalal)
This week sleep science expert Dr Baland Jalal joins us to chat about sleep paralysis & dig into his research!
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References & Further Reading
Dr Baland Jalal
https://psychology.fas.harvard.edu/people/baland-jalal
https://www.neuroscience.cam.ac.uk/directory/profile.php?bj272
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Baland-Jalal/publication/262397186_Evidence_for_Tai_Chi_as_a_Therapeutic_Mind-Body_Intervention_for_Sleep_A_Commentary_on_Raman_et_al/links/0c9605379e7ea0f3c8000000/Evidence-for-Tai-Chi-as-a-Therapeutic-Mind-Body-Intervention-for-Sleep-A-Commentary-on-Raman-et-al.pdf
MR Therapy
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00028/full
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2020.00922/full
Sleep Paralysis
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8060736/#!po=22.4138
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/00207148108409169?needAccess=true
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1363461505050710?url_ver=Z39.88-2003
https://www.thecut.com/2016/07/a-neuroscientist-tried-to-help-me-overcome-my-sleep-paralysis.html
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Baland-Jalal/publication/258831277_A_Comparison_of_Self-Report_and_Interview_Methods_for_Assessing_Sleep_Paralysis_A_Pilot_Investigation_in_Denmark_and_the_United_States/links/0deec52ff95124e325000000/A-Comparison-of-Self-Report-and-Interview-Methods-for-Assessing-Sleep-Paralysis-A-Pilot-Investigation-in-Denmark-and-the-United-States.pdf
15/11/21•1h 19m
134: The Science of Gene Editing & Treating Blindness
For the first time ever we’ve used CRISPR to edit someone’s genes INSIDE THEIR BODY! So far we’ve been able to reverse some effects of rare genetic eye disease that results in blindness, and this is only the beginning!
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References & Further Reading
https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/leber-congenital-amaurosis/
https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/diseases/634/leber-congenital-amaurosis
https://luxturna.com
Gene Therapy
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-018-06195-6
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41587-020-0493-4
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41573-019-0012-9
The EDIT-101 Trial
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/study/NCT03872479
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-018-0327-9
https://text.npr.org/2021/09/29/1040879179/vision-loss-crispr-treatment
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00655-8https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00655-8
https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2764428https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2764428
08/11/21•1h 1m
133: The Real Frankenstein?
In this spooky episode of Sci Guys we explore the life of Johann Konrad Dippel - a mad scientist that some credit as the inspiration for Mary Shelley’s Dr Frankenstein… Despite the pack of any evidence.
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References & Further Reading
Johann Konrad Dippel
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1034731/?page=5
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1034731/?page=5
https://publishing.rcseng.ac.uk/doi/pdf/10.1308/147363513X13500508916973
Alchemy & Frankenstein
https://www.britannica.com/topic/alchemy/Modern-alchemy
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Frankenstein
01/11/21•57m 26s
132: The Shocking Science of Boredom
You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel:
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References & Further Reading
Scientific Studies & Papers
https://www.science.org/lookup/doi/10.1126/science.1250830
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0165178116301524?via%3Dihub
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0963721419884309
News & Magazine Articles
https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-28130690.amp
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/why-boredom-is-anything-but-boring/
https://www.newyorker.com/culture/annals-of-inquiry/what-does-boredom-do-to-us-and-for-us
25/10/21•1h 26m
131: The Wood Wide Web
Can trees talk to each other? It turns out they might be able to, using fungi… This week, we discuss the Wood Wide Web that most of the world’s plants use to help them survive!
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References & Further Reading
Fungi
https://www.livescience.com/amp/53618-fungus.html
https://www.britannica.com/science/fungus/Mycorrhiza
Plants
https://www.britannica.com/plant/tree
https://www.britannica.com/science/forest
Mycorrhizal Networks
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123739445003278
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4802747/
https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-48257315.amp
https://www.nature.com/articles/449136a
https://www.science.org/content/article/wood-wide-web-underground-network-microbes-connects-trees-mapped-first-time
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/the-whispering-trees-180968084/
https://www.sciencefocus.com/nature/mycorrhizal-networks-wood-wide-web/amp/
https://www.nationalforests.org/blog/underground-mycorrhizal-network
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/mycorrhizae
18/10/21•1h 2m
130: The Science of Uterus Transplants & The Danish Girl (with NOAHFINNCE)
Uterus transplants are on the verge of becoming a common surgery for cis women, but one of the first women to ever receive this kind of surgery wasn’t cis… The life of Lilli Elbe, one of the first women to receive gender affirming surgery, has been romanticised and repackaged as a tender tragedy - but her real story is far more interesting & upliftng.
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References & Further Reading
Transplants
https://www.britannica.com/science/transplant-surgery/Organ-transplants
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2778785/
https://www.nhsbt.nhs.uk/who-we-are/a-history-of-donation-transfusion-and-transplantation/
Uterus Transplants
https://academic.oup.com/humupd/article/3/3/267/653944https://www.britannica.com/science/uterus
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29210893/
https://www.thieme-connect.de/products/ejournals/pdf/10.1055/s-0037-1606321.pdf
https://timesofmalta.com/articles/view/turkish-woman-has-world-s-first-womb-transplant.388596
https://www.abc.net.au/news/2014-10-04/woman-has-baby-after-womb-transplant-in-sweden/5790726?nw=0&r=HtmlFragment
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/health-29516910https://time.com/5044565/exclusive-first-u-s-baby-born-after-a-uterus-transplant/
https://www.nytimes.com/2016/04/09/health/yeast-infectionled-to-removal-of-transplanted-uterus.html?_r=0
https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamasurgery/article-abstract/564280
https://obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.3109/00016349.2010.520688
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1432-2277.2012.01438.x
https://www.nytimes.com/2002/03/07/world/medical-first-a-transplant-of-a-uterus.html
Uterus Transplants for Trans Women
https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2775302
https://jme.bmj.com/content/45/10/687.full
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6492192/
Lilli Elbe
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Lili-Elbe
https://www.biography.com/artist/lili-elbe
11/10/21•1h 24m
129: The Immortal Lobster Cult
What would you do if you found an animal that, with a little help, could potentially live forever? Worship it as a God? What could go wrong? That’s exactly what we’re digging into this week!
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References & Further Reading
Lobsters
https://www.britannica.com/animal/lobster
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/dont-listen-to-the-buzz-lobsters-arent-actually-immortal-88450872/
Immortality & Aging
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3370421/
https://www.science.org.au/curious/earth-environment/animals-can-live-forever
Lobster Cult
https://www.urbo.com/content/your-new-god-worshiping-a-facebook-group-lobster/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5748990/
https://www.leviathanlobstergod.com/about
04/10/21•1h
128: The Crazy Science of Buckminster Fuller
Buckminster Fuller was a futurist and inventor with a silly name and a penchant for creating incredible inventions - from cars, to homes, to geodesic domes!
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References & Further Reading
References & Further Reading
https://youtu.be/N1yxFDvqALI
https://www.britannica.com/biography/R-Buckminster-Fuller
https://www.bfi.org/about-fuller/big-ideas/dymaxion-world/dymaxion-map
https://www.britannica.com/technology/geodesic-dome
https://www.wired.com/2016/03/buckminster-fuller-brilliant-crank-lot-teach-silicon-valley/amp
https://amp.theguardian.com/theguardian/2013/jul/04/buckminster-fuller-architecture-design
https://library.stanford.edu/spc/manuscripts-division/r-buckminster-fuller-timeline
https://www.nytimes.com/1983/07/03/obituaries/r-buckminster-fuller-futurist-inventor-dies-at-87.html
https://exhibits.stanford.edu/bucky/feature/what-is-a-geodesic-dome
https://www.bfi.org/about-fuller/big-ideas/geodesic-domes
27/09/21•1h 10m
127: The Science of Intrusive Thoughts
Do you ever have a thought come to mind that doesn’t feel like something you’d think, a thought that can make you feel disgusted or uneasy? Those are intrusive thoughts, and while they’re strongly associated with mental illness, they might be a bit more common than you might think…
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References & Further Reading
https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/obsessive-compulsive-disorder-ocd/symptoms/
https://www.cam.ac.uk/research/news/scientists-identify-mechanism-that-helps-us-inhibit-unwanted-thoughts
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2211364913000675
https://www.livescience.com/amp/44687-most-people-have-unwanted-thoughts.html
https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/your-stories/dealing-with-intrusive-thoughts/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28776482/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27510608/
https://www.researchgate.net/journal/Journal-of-Obsessive-Compulsive-and-Related-Disorders-2211-3649
https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2014-33292-013
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2834572/
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20/09/21•1h 20m
126: America’s First Black Scientist - Benjamin Banneker
American History tends to ignore the achievements of black people - which is why you probably haven’t heard of Benjamin Banneker… He was a polymath who went verbally toe to toe with Thomas Jefferson on the topic of slavery, was instrumental in the creation of the capital, and did so much more!
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References & Further Reading
https://www.whitehousehistory.org/benjamin-banneker
https://archive.org/details/bulletinunitedst2311964unit/page/17/mode/1up?view=theater
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/three-things-know-about-astronomer-benjamin-bannekers-pioneering-career-180967136/
https://friendsofbenjaminbanneker.com/history/benjamin-banneker-2/
https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=2vEQAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA65&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false
https://www.history.com/.amp/news/cicadas-discovery-benjamin-banneker
https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uiug.30112037299119&view=1up&seq=13&skin=2021
https://www.biography.com/.amp/scientist/benjamin-banneker
https://www.mentalfloss.com/article/85984/retrobituaries-benjamin-banneker-african-american-mathematician-who-may-have-saved
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Benjamin-Banneker
https://www.wired.com/2010/02/benjamin-banneker-the-first-african-american-geek/am
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13/09/21•1h 7m
125: The Science of Nazi Nuclear Cubes
At the end of WWII hundreds of uranium cubes made for the Nazi nuclear program were taken by the USA, but they didn't take them all. Quite a number of these nuclear cubes went missing... A few have popped up here and there, until recently it's always been near impossible to tell if a cube is real, or just a really good replica - but scientists have just found a wild new way to find which ones are fakes...
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References & Further Reading
https://www.google.co.uk/amp/s/news.sky.com/story/amp/hundreds-of-cubes-of-nazi-uranium-are-missing-now-scientists-have-a-new-way-to-spot-them-12389326
https://www.washingtonpost.com/gdpr-consent/?next_url=https%3a%2f%2fwww.washingtonpost.com%2fhistory%2f2021%2f08%2f25%2fnazi-nuclear-program-failed-uranium-cube%2f
https://www.newscientist.com/article/2287673-investigation-of-nazi-uranium-could-help-stop-modern-nuclear-smuggling/amp/?__twitter_impression=true
https://www.history.com/.amp/news/wwii-nazi-atomic-secrets-alsos-mission-kidnap-heisenberg
https://www.britannica.com/science/nuclear-fission
https://science.howstuffworks.com/nuclear-bomb.htm
https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1321436
https://www.britannica.com/science/carbon-14-dating
https://www.britannica.com/science/hydrogen/Isotopes-of-hydrogen#ref621366
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Werner-Heisenberg/Heisenberg-and-the-Nazi-Party
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06/09/21•49m 50s
124: The Alpha Male Myth
Some men label themselves alphas - citing an old study on wolves, but surprisingly the results might not be as applicable to humans (or even wolves) as you might have thought…
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References & Further Reading
Wolf Packs
https://animals.howstuffworks.com/mammals/wolf-pack-mentality.htm
https://www.wolf.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/267alphastatus_english.pdf
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21963347
https://wolf.org/wolf-info/basic-wolf-info/wolf-faqs/#toggle-id-21
https://www.jstor.org/stable/3881436
Animal Social Behaviour & Hierarchies
https://www.bbc.com/worklife/article/20180925-with-females-in-charge-bonobo-society-is-more-chilled-out
http://amydprice.com/hypertext_narrative/primates_research.pdf
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/bonobo-sex-and-society-2006-06/
https://www.worldwildlife.org/species/bonobo
https://www.britannica.com/video/193398/bonobos-humans
https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/evolution/library/07/3/l_073_03.html
https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.newscientist.com/article/2180434-the-7-non-human-mammals-where-females-rule-the-roost/amp/
Human Alpha Studies
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30978215/
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0165025407084054
Alpha Male Pseudoscience
https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.forbes.com/sites/danidiplacido/2021/01/26/the-pseudoscience-behind-the-sigma-male-explained/amp/
https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/alpha-male-alpha-chimpanzee-primatologist-frans-de-waal-a8421291.html%3Famp
https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.businessinsider.com/no-such-thing-alpha-male-2016-10%3Famp
https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=YTyQgwVvYyc
http://davemech.org/wolf-news-and-information/schenkels-classic-wolf-behavior-study-available-in-english/
http://davemech.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/ExpressionstudiesP.1-10.pdf
https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=tNtFgdwTsbU
https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=BPsSKKL8N0s
Follow the SCI GUYS
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30/08/21•1h 1m
123: The Science of Sleepy Hallucinations
Ever seen or heard something as you were half asleep and woken up to realise it wasn’t there? Hypnagogic and hypnopompic hallucinations are actually fairly common!
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References & Further Reading
Hallucinations
https://www.britannica.com/science/hallucination/Chemical-factors
https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/feelings-symptoms-behaviours/feelings-and-symptoms/hallucinations-hearing-voices/
Hypnagogic & Hypnopompic Hallucinations
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4988750/
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/14313158_Hypnagogic_and_Hypnopompic_Hallucinations_Pathological_Phenomena
https://www.scielo.br/j/anp/a/C9cqbVby3nqWJrKYLvBngkk/?lang=en
https://journals.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/index.php/IJoDR/article/view/71170
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-23739-8_8
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanpsy/article/PIIS2215-0366(18)30138-X/fulltext
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1RvBvYrklXM
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-87318-4
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/hypnagogia
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B978012375038900008X
https://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/6638
Other Parasomnias & Related Effects
https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20120522-suffer-from-sleep-shudders
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9781437703269000282
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11030656/
https://science.sciencemag.org/content/290/5490/350?hwshib2=authn%3A1628867368%3A20210812%253Aed134caf-83e8-4fd7-9799-0ea1e0c31419%3A0%3A0%3A0%3AyeqVACDJVH2x2dHe%2FPUbZw%3D%3D
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK560817/
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/narcolepsy/
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23/08/21•1h 12m
122: The Science of Myers Briggs Personality Tests
Myers Briggs types are scientific evaluation of your personality… or at least that’s how they’re sold. Turns out that they might be barely more scientific than your horoscope.
You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel:
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References & Further Reading
What is MBTI?
https://www.16personalities.com/free-personality-test
https://www.mbtionline.com/en-US/Articles/2017/July/What-do-the-letters-in-the-Myers-Briggs-test-stand-for
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK554596/
https://www.16personalities.com/country-profiles/global/world
The Origins of MBTI
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_NQqSnkI32A
https://www.myersbriggs.org/my-mbti-personality-type/mbti-basics/isabel-briggs-myers.htm
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-018-06614-
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Carl-Jung/Character-of-his-psychotherapy
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/264783017_Isabel_Briggs_Myers_Psychological_Type_and_the_Spirit_of_CG_Jung
Is the MBTI Test Scientific & Useful?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dkQiYiXxmjg
https://quoteinvestigator.com/tag/carl-jung/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26851600/
https://www.livescience.com/amp/65513-does-myers-briggs-personality-test-work.html
https://jobtalk.indiana.edu/HRMWebsite/hrm/articles/develop/mbti.pdf
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.3102/00346543063004467
vox.com/platform/amp/2014/7/15/5881947/myers-briggs-personality-test-meaningless
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/014920639602200103
https://amp.theguardian.com/science/brain-flapping/2013/mar/19/myers-briggs-test-unscientific
https://pages.uoregon.edu/sanjay/bigfive.html
16/08/21•1h 13m
121: The Uncanny Valley: Science of Creepy Robots
Robots are becoming more and more human-like, but something weird happens when things become too human without quite making it all the way - we start to hate them… This is the uncanny valley, and you’ll find a lot of things in it.
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References & Further Reading
https://www.aaai.org/Papers/AAAI/2005/RBC05-007.pdf
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/medu.14184
https://spectrum.ieee.org/the-uncanny-valley
https://www.karger.com/Article/Abstract/507812
https://www.jneurosci.org/content/39/33/6555
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/why-uncanny-valley-human-look-alikes-put-us-on-edge/
https://www.cam.ac.uk/research/news/scientists-identify-possible-source-of-the-uncanny-valley-in-the-brain
https://www.jneurosci.org/content/39/33/6555
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=4557950
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6211702/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6556781/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4392592/
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/medu.14184
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25762967/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32526760/
https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20130901-is-the-uncanny-valley-reallist_works&sortby=pubdate
09/08/21•1h
120: The Science of Past Lives
Some children tell stories about lives they used to live… Are they just playing pretend or is this proof of reincarnation? Maybe science has some answers…
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References & Further Reading
Past Lives, Jim Tucker & UVA’s Division of Perceptual Studies
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1550830708000943
https://med.virginia.edu/perceptual-studies/our-research/children-who-report-memories-of-previous-lives/
https://med.virginia.edu/perceptual-studies/resources/advice-to-parents-of-children-who-are-spontaneously-recalling-past-life-memories/
https://www.vice.com/en/article/jgqygg/hard-science-of-reincarnation-past-lives
https://www.npr.org/2014/01/05/259886077/searching-for-science-behind-reincarnation?t=1626790336553
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1550830721000951
False Memories, Source Errors & Other Explanations
https://www.livescience.com/7272-belief-reincarnation-tied-memory-errors.html
https://www.livescience.com/7737-reality-reincarnation.html
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1363461503040001005
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.2466/pms.1996.83.3f.1107
Past Life Regression Therapy
https://www.thehypnotherapypracticeedinburgh.co.uk/why-past-life-regression-is-a-waste-of-money/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5797677/
https://www.rcpsych.ac.uk/docs/default-source/members/sigs/spirituality-spsig/james-pandarakalam-a-search-for-the-truth-of-past-life-regression.pdf?sfvrsn=f5442f17_2
tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/00029157.1982.10404067?needAccess=true
The Egg
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h6fcK_fRYaI&vl=en-GB
02/08/21•1h 37m
119: The Science of Maladaptive Daydreaming
Some people report being unable to stop daydreaming, to the point that it takes over their entire lives. Maladaptive Daydreaming isn’t yet a recognised disorder, but it only gets more strange from there...
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References & Further Reading
Maladaptive Daydreaming in the Media
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/resources/idt-sh/the_daydream_that_never_stops
https://digest.bps.org.uk/2018/06/25/people-with-maladaptive-daydreaming-spend-an-average-of-four-hours-a-day-lost-in-their-imagination/
https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2015/04/when-daydreaming-replaces-real-life/391319/
https://www.nytimes.com/2021/04/10/at-home/daydreaming.html
https://edition.cnn.com/2016/12/30/health/maladaptive-daydreaming-feature/index.html
Eli Somer
https://www.youtube.com/user/SomerClinic/videos
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GsZ7ivOSKjQ
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=loE6Cq8lUS4
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gYZxHmfpcsI
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E_scn44bTEE
https://scholar.google.com/citations?hl=en&user=cIDL8CEAAAAJ&view_op=list_works&sortby=pubdate
Maladpative Daydreaming
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maladaptive_daydreaming
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1053810016300460?via%3Dihub
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0022395621000844
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28598955/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6426361/
https://akjournals.com/view/journals/2006/9/4/article-p1056.xml
https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1023/A:1020597026919.pdf
https://gpsych.bmj.com/content/34/2/e100419
https://maladaptivedaydreaming.org/pages/maladaptive-daydreaming-test
Pathologising, Disorders, & The DSM-5
http://www2.hawaii.edu/~heiby/overheads_classification.html
https://wjh-www.harvard.edu/~dtg/KILLINGSWORTH%20&%20GILBERT%20(2010).pdf
Psychopathology
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1529100617727266
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3683251/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3683251/
26/07/21•2h 20m
118: The Science of The Loch Ness Monster
Scientists went hunting for the Loch Ness Monster in 2019, but the search wasn’t all it seemed to be…
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References & Further Reading
Loch Ness Monster & The Myths
https://www.livescience.com/61111-unusual-creature-sightings.html
https://www.britannica.com/place/Loch-Ness-lake-Scotland-United-Kingdom
https://www.lochnessproject.org/
Gimmell & His Survey
https://www.livescience.com/loch-ness-monster-dna-study.html?_gl=1*e5q5rq*_ga*YW1wLVBxOEh1MnFUNHpkcG9VNHEzWmkyZWxoaURiOF9TYkc3ZUZ2QS1uVmNTSjFCZDduOFhRS0dQcXlQWkJsUzB3N1E.
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-highlands-islands-49495145
https://www.theguardian.com/science/2019/sep/05/loch-ness-monster-could-be-a-giant-eel-say-scientists
https://www.sciencefocus.com/news/loch-ness-monster-dna-study-reveals-plausible-explanation-for-sightings/
https://www.otago.ac.nz/news/news/otago717609.html
https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2019/09/loch-ness-monster-just-big-eel
https://gemmell-lab.otago.ac.nz/research
https://gemmell-lab.otago.ac.nz/our-team
https://scholar.google.co.nz/citations?hl=en&user=XGE4mdAAAAAJ&view_op=list_works&sortby=pubdate
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/loch-ness-monster-scotland-environmental-dna-science
http://www.sci-news.com/biology/eel-dna-loch-ness-07580.html
https://www.sciencefocus.com/nature/loch-ness-monster-how-edna-helps-us-discover-what-lurks-beneath/
https://twitter.com/ProfGemmell/status/1169748929887391744
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19/07/21•1h 11m
117: The 'Sophia the Robot' Conspiracy
Sophia the Robot is one of the most famous robots in the world, outside of those in Sci-fi. Although, there may be more fiction than fact when it comes to her artificial intelligence…
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References & Further Reading
What is a Robot?
https://www.britannica.com/technology/robot-technology
Sophia The Robot
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=78-1MlkxyqI
https://www.cnbc.com/2018/06/05/hanson-robotics-sophia-the-robot-pr-stunt-artificial-intelligence.html
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7fnCQC7bLs0
https://www.hansonrobotics.com/sophia/
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/photography/article/sophia-robot-artificial-intelligence-science
https://www.businessinsider.com/meet-the-first-robot-citizen-sophia-animatronic-humanoid-2017-10?r=US&IR=T
https://www.forbes.com/sites/zarastone/2017/11/07/everything-you-need-to-know-about-sophia-the-worlds-first-robot-citizen/#18ede81546fa
https://www.businessinsider.com/sophia-robot-hanson-robotics-other-humanoids-2017-11?r=US&IR=T
Strong AI, Chinese Room & Turing Tests
https://www.ibm.com/cloud/learn/strong-ai
https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/chinese-room/
https://iep.utm.edu/chineser/
https://www.britannica.com/technology/Turing-test#ref1252405
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12/07/21•1h 16m
116: The Science of Hay Fever
This week we get sneezy and wheezy, because the plants are being sleazy. Hay Fever is one of the most common allergies in the world & there’s a lot of science behind it that might surprise you...
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References & Further Reading
Hay Fever
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/hay-fever/
https://www.britannica.com/science/hay-fever-pathology
https://www.britannica.com/science/pollen
https://www.britannica.com/plant/timothy
https://www.britannica.com/science/rhinitis
https://www.allergyuk.org/information-and-advice/statistics
Antihistamines
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/antihistamines/#:~:text=How%20antihistamines%20work,which%20helps%20protect%20the%20body.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3667286/
Hay Fever In Japan
https://mainichi.jp/english/articles/20210317/p2a/00m/0na/029000c
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4160535/
Hay Fever Treatment
https://www.imperial.ac.uk/nhli/research/research-impact/allergen-immunotherapy-in-the-treatment-of-hayfever/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10441602/
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05/07/21•42m 13s
115: The Science of PTSD (with NoahFinnce)
NoahFinnce joins us this week to talk about PTSD, our patron-voted topic for this month!
You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel:
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References & Further Reading
1. https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/post-traumatic-stress-disorder-ptsd/overview/#:~:text=Post%2Dtraumatic%20stress%20disorder%20(PTSD)%20is%20an%20anxiety%20disorder,stressful%2C%20frightening%20or%20distressing%20events.
2. https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/types-of-mental-health-problems/post-traumatic-stress-disorder-ptsd-and-complex-ptsd/symptoms/
3. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3181836/
4. https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/post-traumatic-stress-disorder-ptsd/complex/
5. https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/types-of-mental-health-problems/post-traumatic-stress-disorder-ptsd-and-complex-ptsd/symptoms/
6. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32847484/
7. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29502529/
8. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5604756/
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28/06/21•1h 22m
114: Alien Hand Syndrome
What would you do if your hand developed a mind of its own? No, this isn’t sci-fi, this is a reality for people with Alien Hand Syndrome…
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References & Further Reading
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11910-016-0676-z
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19434588/
https://pn.bmj.com/content/practneurol/4/1/44.full.pdf
https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11910-016-0676-z.pdf
https://www.jsmf.org/meetings/2008/may/Mark%20VW%202008%20Alien%20hand%20syndrome.pdf
https://n.neurology.org/content/91/11/527.long
https://jnnp.bmj.com/content/65/3/366
https://science.howstuffworks.com/life/inside-the-mind/human-brain/alien-hand.htm#pt3
https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.bbc.com/news/uk-12225163.amp
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4059570/
21/06/21•1h
113: The Ridiculous Yellow Fever Experiments
Stubbins Ffirth was a mess student who really went above and beyond to become a doctor, by using himself as a guinea pig to test the infectiousness of yellow fever…
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References & Further Reading
Yellow Fever
1. https://www.britannica.com/science/yellow-fever
2. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/yellow-fever
3. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/yellow-fever/
4. https://www.cdc.gov/yellowfever/vaccine/index.html
5. https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/diseases/yellow-fever
6. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2892770/
Stubbins Ffirth and his experiments
1. https://wellcomecollection.org/works/mrme9h3v
2. http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,2050030-2,00.html
3. https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.newscientist.com/article/dn16735-eight-scientists-who-became-their-own-guinea-pigs/amp/
4. https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/1163961
5. https://www.nature.com/articles/nj6959-745a
6. https://www.jstor.org/stable/44450391?seq=1
14/06/21•1h 2m
112: The Science of Sleepwalking
We know that some people can walk around while fast asleep, but how does it work? What else can you do in your sleep? What would happen if you broke the law?
Science might have the answers…
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References & Further Reading
Sleepwalking Basics
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/sleepwalking/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28363449/
https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(18)31288-0?_returnURL=https%3A%2F%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%2Fretrieve%2Fpii%2FS0960982218312880%3Fshowall%3Dtrue
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17931980/
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/the-science-of-sleepwalking-97626685/
https://n.neurology.org/content/78/20/1583
Sleepwalking & The Law
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15229043/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1286639/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4506454/
https://www.sleep.theclinics.com/article/S1556-407X(11)00086-5/fulltext
Incognito: The Secret Lives of the Brain (2011) David Eagleman
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07/06/21•58m 39s
111: The Science of DPRD (with Dodie)
This week our patrons voted for Depersonalisation Derealisation Disorder and Dodie joined us to give her insight on the topic!
CONTENT WARNING: Discussion of Drug Use between 44:38 and 47:53.
Listen to dodie’s album: https://dodie.ffm.to/buildaproblem
Unreal Charity: https://www.unrealuk.org/
You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel:
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Help keep the show running by supporting us on Patreon!
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References & Further Reading
Psychopathology (2019) Graham Davey
Incognito: The Secret Lives of the Brain (2011) David Eagleman
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24967634/
https://oce.ovid.com/article/00005053-199809000-00004/HTML
https://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/doi/pdf/10.1176/appi.ajp.2016.16010029
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0165032716318961?via%3Dihub
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6964445/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7239558/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4924239/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29877178/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4204471/
https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/dissociative-disorders/
https://frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.535652/full
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31/05/21•1h 19m
110: The Science of Blackness
You’ve probably heard of Vantablack, the black that was once the blackest in the world, but you probably haven’t heard of the war it started between two artists - Stuart Semple & Anish Kapoor.
You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel:
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References & Further Reading
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/artist-only-person-banned-using-worlds-pinkest-pink-180961464/
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_NzVmtbPOrM
https://www.surreynanosystems.com/about/vantablack
https://www.wired.com/story/vantablack-anish-kapoor-stuart-semple/
https://news.mit.edu/2019/blackest-black-material-cnt-0913
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/mummy-art-painting-delacroix-pigment-ancient-Egypt
https://culturehustle.com/
https://www.archpaper.com/2017/07/anish-kapoor-blackest-black/
http://stuartsemple.com/about/
https://www.livescience.com/32559-why-do-we-see-in-color.html
https://science.howstuffworks.com/vantablack.htm
https://www.nytimes.com/2014/11/06/garden/what-you-can-do-with-vantablack-the-darkest-material-ever-made.html
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24/05/21•46m 16s
109: This Will Get On Your Nerves
Rita Levi-Montalcini is probably one of the greatest scientists you’ve never heard of. She created a lab in a spare room when Jews were banned from science in WWII, continued to work when she was 100 years old, and fought against fascism! Oh, and she knew a lot about nerves…
You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel:
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References & Further Reading
https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1986/levi-montalcini/facts/
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Rita-Levi-Montalcini
https://www.pnas.org/content/110/13/4873
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/finding-the-good-rita-levi-montalcini/
https://www.google.co.uk/amp/s/amp.theguardian.com/science/2012/dec/30/rita-levi-montalcini
https://www.nature.com/news/2009/090401/full/458564a.html
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/jez.1400680305
https://nyaspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1952.tb26548.x
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17/05/21•1h 4m
108: The Deepest Hole on Earth (with Bliss)
What is at the centre of the planet? Surprisingly… We have a really good idea but we’re still not 100% sure. Turns out it’s pretty hard to get to.
You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel:
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References & Further Reading
http://www.bbc.com/future/bespoke/story/20150306-journey-to-the-centre-of-earth/
https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20190503-the-deepest-hole-we-have-ever-dug#:~:text=This%20is%20the%20Kola%20Superdeep,of%20souls%20tortured%20in%20hell.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/earth/story/20150814-what-is-at-the-centre-of-earth
https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg19926751-800-unknown-earth-what-is-at-the-centre-of-the-earth/
https://www.sciencefocus.com/planet-earth/what-is-at-earths-core/
https://www.livescience.com/new-earth-layer-solid-inner-core.html#:~:text=The%20liquid%20outer%20core%20starts,and%20a%20bit%20of%20nickel
https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2020JB020545
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smithsonian-institution/ask-smithsonian-whats-deepest-hole-ever-dug-180954349/
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/EarthSci/people/lidunka/GEOL2014/Geophysics7%20-%20Deep%20Earth/Earth%20Structure.htm
https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20190503-the-deepest-hole-we-have-ever-dug
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10/05/21•54m 9s
107: Humanzee: The Human-Chimp Hybrid
What happens when you cross a chimp with a man? Serious ethical concerns and an exile from the Soviet Union... Yes, someone actually tried to make a man-ape hybrid. It didn’t end well
You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel:
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References & Further Reading
Hybrids
https://www.britannica.com/science/hybrid
https://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/human-monkey-hybrid-china-organ-transplant-stem-cells-embryo-a9037506.html?amp
Humans and Chimps
https://bmcgenomics.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12864-020-06962-8
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2464272/#!po=3.12500
https://www.nature.com/articles/nature04789#ref-CR33
https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/permanent/human-origins/understanding-our-past/dna-comparing-humans-and-chimps
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC187548/
Ilya Ivanov & His Experiments
https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg19926701-000-blasts-from-the-past-the-soviet-ape-man-scandal/
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/the-russian-government-once-funded-a-scientists-quest-to-make-an-ape-human-hybrid-5043859/
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ilya-Ivanovich-Ivanov
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03/05/21•57m 59s
106: Be Gay, Do Crime (In Space)
Wendy Lawrence may not have been the first lesbian in space, but she was at the centre of the first ever case of space fraud... or was she? There was a media frenzy around her alleged crime, but Wendy herself has a different story.
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References & Further Reading
Wendy Lawrence
https://medium.com/the-vintage-space/gay-astronauts-a-final-frontier-9892d0987fa0
https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/thumbnails/image/nhq202001130001.jpg
https://www.nasa.gov/astronauts/biographies/anne-c-mcclain/biography/
https://edition.cnn.com/2019/08/23/politics/nasa-astronaut-bank-account-first-criminal-allegation-space/index.html
https://www.armytimes.com/news/your-army/2020/04/07/army-astronaut-accused-of-committing-crime-in-space-is-cleared-ex-wife-charged-with-making-false-statements/
https://www.nytimes.com/2019/08/23/us/astronaut-space-investigation.html
https://www.forbes.com/sites/daveywinder/2019/08/25/nasa-astronaut-accused-of-hacking-bank-account-from-space/amp/
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/amp/world-49457912
https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/06/us/space-crime-allegation-indictment.html
https://www.space.com/amp/nasa-astronaut-anne-mcclain-space-crime-claim.html
Space Law
https://www.unoosa.org/oosa/en/ourwork/spacelaw/treaties.html
https://www.nasa.gov/centers/hq/library/find/bibliographies/space_law/
http://www.esa.int/About_Us/ECSL_-_European_Centre_for_Space_Law/About_space_law
https://www.space.com/astronaut-anne-mcclain-refutes-space-crime-claim.html
https://www.unoosa.org/oosa/en/ourwork/spacelaw/index.html
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26/04/21•46m 38s
105: The Science of Gender (with NoahFinnce)
NoahFinnce joins us to celebrate our 2nd birthday! Our patrons have voted for gender as this month’s topic - we‘ll tell you how it works and how it doesn’t work...
You can find Noah over on his channel:
http://youtube.com/noahfinnce
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References & Further Reading
What is Gender
https://www.who.int/health-topics/gender#tab=tab_1
Biology of Gender
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6677266/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7139786/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7139786/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6939487/
Gender Studies
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/19419899.2020.1729844
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-76861-8_8
https://www.jahonline.org/article/S1054-139X(17)30356-7/fulltext
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6466167/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5845507/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7193756/
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-92270-6_58
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Stephen-Ristvedt/publication/258523575_The_Evolution_of_Gender/links/5d2f1ff3a6fdcc2462e76926/The-Evolution-of-Gender.pdf
Gender Gap In STEM
https://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article?id=10.1371/journal.pbio.2004956
https://lukeholman.github.io/genderGap/
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673618331350
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2019.00060/full
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-018-05109-w
https://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article?id=10.1371/journal.pbio.2004956
https://www.pnas.org/content/117/9/4609
https://science.sciencemag.org/content/368/6497/1317
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02297805/
Social Constructs & Categories
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0956797618782181
https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/BF02583913.pdf
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19/04/21•1h 42m
104: The Science of Left Handedness
Are you left handed or right handed? This week we talk about the benefits (and drawbacks) of being a southpaw - and why we even have Handedness in the first place...
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References & Further Reading
Handedness
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3258574/
https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.3758/bf03337470.pdf
https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rspb.2016.1127
https://reader.elsevier.com/reader/sd/pii/B9780123851574004747?token=CAFE5C834602FE1A71A7FFB7ED77D96EA36F7B8B77F672CB614A08C764CFA5AF57851CCAD67BC439F9B58EC1B380D5F7
Origin of Handedness
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vb11oOHYNXM&t=396s
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-49579810#:~:text=Scientists%20have%20found%20the%20first,linked%20to%20being%20left%2Dhanded.&text=The%20team%20at%20the%20University,development%20and%20the%20dominant%20hand.
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/what-causes-some-people-t/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6441088/
https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg20627581-600-southpaws-the-evolution-of-handedness/
https://www.livescience.com/what-causes-left-handedness.html
https://advances.sciencemag.org/content/6/7/eaax9935
https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007%2F978-0-387-79061-9_1346
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123750006001889
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2831280/
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0891422220301682
Forcing Right Handedness
https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/42827363.pdf?ab_segments=0%2Fbasic_search_gsv2%2Fcontrol&refreqid=fastly-default%3A4080085e7e4a69c992eac026fe022703
https://www.apa.org/monitor/2009/01/brain
https://www.nature.com/news/2007/070716/full/070716-4.html
https://www.jneurosci.org/content/30/9/3271
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12/04/21•54m 54s
103: The Science of OCD
This week we chat about Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD), the commonly misunderstood condition that affects millions of people worldwide!
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References & Further Reading
What is OCD
https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/obsessive-compulsive-disorder-ocd/overview/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7370844/
https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/obsessive-compulsive-disorder-when-unwanted-thoughts-take-over/20-mh-4676-ocd_150041.pdf
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0897190014521996
Psychopathology: Research Assessment and Treatment in Clinical Psychology - Graham Davey
Cause of OCD
https://www.cell.com/neuron/fulltext/S0896-6273(19)30073-X?_returnURL=https%3A%2F%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%2Fretrieve%2Fpii%2FS089662731930073X%3Fshowall%3Dtrue
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7886082/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4610610/
Treatment
https://pharmrev.aspetjournals.org/content/72/1/80.long
https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/types-of-mental-health-problems/obsessive-compulsive-disorder-ocd/treatment-for-ocd/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5606297/
https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/talking-therapies-medicine-treatments/medicines-and-psychiatry/ssri-antidepressants/overview/#:~:text=It's%20thought%20to%20have%20a,messages%20between%20nearby%20nerve%20cells.
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05/04/21•1h 11m
102: The Science of Forensics (with Eleanor Neale)
This week Eleanor Neale joins us to chat about forensics, and why it might not be as good as you think...
Find Eleanor on her YouTube channel:
http://youtube.com/EleanorNeale
You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel:
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References & Further Reading
Basics of Forensics
https://www.britannica.com/science/forensic-science
https://books.google.co.uk/books?hl=en&lr=&id=zIRQOssWbaoC&oi=fnd&pg=PA1&dq=history+of+forensic+science&ots=wJZ2sXZM1X&sig=ME5kNe5qa4mWvb0f2Xig_ikUP4c#v=onepage&q=history%20of%20forensic%20science&f=false
https://science.howstuffworks.com/forensic-lab-technique.htm
https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.sciencefocus.com/the-human-body/what-is-forensic-science/amp/
History of Forensics
https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-1-4614-5690-2_462
https://www.crimemuseum.org/crime-library/forensic-investigation/origins-of-forensic-science/
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/9783527827688.ch1
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326051477_History_of_Forensic_Science
https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-watch/wp/2015/04/21/a-brief-history-of-forensics/%3FoutputType%3Damp
https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2F978-1-4614-5690-2_462.pdf
Problems with Forensics
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0162243919899467
https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20150512-can-we-trust-forensic-science
https://science.sciencemag.org/content/360/6386/243.summary
https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/234561565.pdf
https://rss.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1740-9713.2019.01250.x
https://innocenceproject.org/overturning-wrongful-convictions-involving-flawed-forensics/
https://www.britannica.com/technology/lie-detector
https://www.apa.org/research/action/polygraph#:~:text=The%20accuracy%20(i.e.%2C%20validity),person%20may%20be%20non%2Danxious
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29/03/21•1h 11m
101: The Science of Orgasms (with NoahFinnce)
Well it’s come to this, the climax of Sci Guys! NoahFinnce, the 4th Sci Guy, joins us this week to chat about orgasms... Thank you to our patrons for the topic.
Find Noah over on his channel:
http://youtube.com/noahfinnce
You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel:
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If you would like to support the podcast, please donate to our Patreon:
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References & Further Reading
Orgasm Basics & Facts
https://www.britannica.com/science/orgasm
https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/100659-longest-orgasm-in-mammals
https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn26772-female-ejaculation-comes-in-two-forms-scientists-find/
https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/sex-pleasure-and-sexual-dysfunction/sex-and-pleasure/orgasms
https://www.sciencealert.com/here-s-what-happens-to-your-brain-when-you-orgasm
Female vs Male Orgasm
https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn17165-six-things-science-has-revealed-about-the-female-orgasm/
https://www.apa.org/monitor/2011/04/orgasm
https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2016/08/new-theory-suggests-female-orgasms-are-evolutionary-leftover
https://www.livescience.com/female-orgasm-mystery.html
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5087698/
https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20150625-the-mystery-of-the-female-orgasm
Orgasms in Animals
https://www.sciencefocus.com/the-human-body/are-we-the-only-species-with-females-that-experience-orgasm/
https://www.livescience.com/9631-animals-enjoy-sex.html
https://www.discovermagazine.com/planet-earth/yes-other-animals-do-have-sex-for-fun
Faking It, FDS, and Anorgasmia
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4816679/
https://www.nhs.uk/common-health-questions/sexual-health/what-can-cause-orgasm-problems-in-women/
Orgasm Studies
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28213723/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29082366/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2128033/pdf/9448525.pdf
Death by Orgasm
http://content.usatoday.com/communities/ondeadline/post/2012/06/cop-dies-during-3-way-sex-widow-wins-3-million/1#.YEo9RZP7S3I
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22/03/21•1h 23m
100: Mission to Mars
It’s our hundredth episode & we’re finally giving you all the info you need to live on Mars!
To celebrate 100 episodes we’re doing a MASSIVE giveaway! To enter just make sure you’re subscribed, like this video, and comment the first thing you’d do on Mars!
The Martian Garden: https://www.themartiangarden.com/pn-shop-main
Use code “PERSEVERANCE” for a 20% discount!
You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel:
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References & Further Reading
Mars Info
https://mars.nasa.gov/all-about-mars/facts
https://mars.nasa.gov/all-about-mars/moons/summary/
Mars Missions
https://www.space.com/13558-historic-mars-missions.html
https://mars.nasa.gov/mars-exploration/missions/?page=0&per_page=99&order=date+desc&search=
https://www.space.com/china-mars-orbit-tianwen-1-spacecraft-video
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-56060890
https://www.planetary.org/space-missions/uae-hope
Terraforming Mars
https://www.businessinsider.com/infographic-first-steps-to-terraforming-mars-2017-10?r=US&IR=T
https://www.space.com/41318-we-cant-terraform-mars.html
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41550-018-0529-6.epdf
https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20141030-five-steps-to-colonising-mars
https://www.livescience.com/56462-how-to-travel-to-mars.html
Growing Plants on Mars (and in Space)
https://youtu.be/rBPLgtfouIs
https://www.nasa.gov/feature/can-plants-grow-with-mars-soil
https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/98EO00309
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/B:ORIG.0000043129.68196.5f
https://ascelibrary.org/doi/abs/10.1061/40339(206)54
https://spinoff.nasa.gov/Spinoff2018/cg_4.html
https://www.themartiangarden.com
https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/observations/how-to-grow-vegetables-on-mars/
https://eatlikeamartian.org/2019_NewSpace_MarsFood.pdf
https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018AAS...23140106G/abstract
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15/03/21•1h 20m
99: A Mammoth Episode
Okay, hear us out... Jurassic Park, but with mammoths.
You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel:
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References & Further Reading
DNA
https://www.britannica.com/science/DNA
https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rspb.2012.1745
nature.com/news/dna-has-a-521-year-half-life-1.11555
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4031964/
The Mammoth Study
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-03224-9
https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2021/02/mammoth-molars-yield-oldest-dna-ever-sequenced?utm_campaign=NewsfromScience&utm_source=Contractor&utm_medium=Twitter
Some More on Mammoths
https://www.britannica.com/animal/mammoth-extinct-mammal
https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2013/06/700000-year-old-horse-becomes-oldest-creature-sequenced-genome
https://advances.sciencemag.org/content/5/6/eaaw5873
https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2018/03/oldest-dna-africa-offers-clues-mysterious-ancient-culture
https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2017/03/last-lonely-woolly-mammoths-faced-genomic-meltdown
https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/last-mammoths.html
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/article/woolly-mammoth-evolution#:~:text=Modern%20elephants%20and%20woolly%20mammoths,years%20ago%2C%20the%20study%20reports.&text=Then%20just%20440%2C000%20years%20later,into%20their%20own%20separate%20species.
Mammoth Revival
https://www.dw.com/en/japanese-scientists-make-breakthrough-in-cloning-a-woolly-mammoth/a-48063060
https://www.livescience.com/64998-mammoth-cells-inserted-in-mouse-eggs.html
https://www.livescience.com/23861-fossil-dna-half-life.html
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/woolly-mammoths-extinction-cloning-genetics
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08/03/21•46m 18s
98: The Science of Witchcraft
Magic might actually be real according to science... No really!
You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel:
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References & Further Reading
What are Witchcraft & Wicca
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Wicca
https://www.britannica.com/topic/witchcraft/Contemporary-witchcraft
https://www.history.com/topics/religion/wicca
https://www.livescience.com/amp/39119-myths-about-witches-wiccans.html
http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/paganism/subdivisions/wicca.shtml
https://wiccaliving.com/beginners-guide-wicca-magic/
https://www.vice.com/en/article/a38ekg/i-tried-wiccan-spells-on-myself-for-a-month
https://www.theguardian.com/theguardian/2000/oct/28/weekend7.weekend3
Wicca/Witchcraft & Science
https://www.independent.co.uk/independentpremium/long-reads/witchcraft-wicca-rise-anti-science-halloween-b1421710.html
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3560124/
Optimism Bias & Attention Bias
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960982211011912
https://thedecisionlab.com/biases/optimism-bias/
https://web.archive.org/web/20111125061440/http://www.psych.ufl.edu/~shepperd/articles/PsychBelgica2002.pdf
https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/09654280110402080/full/html
http://www.crossingdialogues.com/Ms-A14-09.pdf
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S027273581000019X
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4161121/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28780313/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6369522/
https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:eae25fc5-1644-44f6-8f3c-8f25e5707d22/download_file?file_format=pdf&safe_filename=THESIS01&type_of_work=Thesis
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2901130/
https://thedecisionlab.com/biases/attentional-bias/
Placebo Effect
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24909245/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26272535/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6013051/
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01/03/21•1h 23m
97: Gays in Space: Dr Sally Ride
It’s LGBT+ history month in the U.K - a perfect time to talk about the first gay astronaut, Dr Sally Ride!
You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel:
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References & Further Reading
The Life of Sally Ride
https://www.nytimes.com/2012/07/24/science/space/sally-ride-trailblazing-astronaut-dies-at-61.html
https://www.biography.com/astronaut/sally-ride
https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/sally-ride
https://www.nasa.gov/audience/forstudents/5-8/features/nasa-knows/who-was-sally-ride-58.html
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sally-Ride
https://www.space.com/16756-sally-ride-biography.html
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/sally-ride-blazed-trail-women-astronauts
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jwu-zSdNiLI&feature=share
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RD6vzRd0rhY&feature=share
Video Interviews
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yb6vw9AmiLs&feature=share
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KRo2_HqZ3HQ&feature=share
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0Z7PWRZHEnA&feature=share
Astronaut Requirements
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/do-you-have-what-it-takes-to-be-an-astronaut/
22/02/21•59m 54s
96: The Science of Lab Grown Meat (with Vegard)
Is lab grown meat really the future of animal products? Is it actually even vegan? This week Vegard joins us to chat about cultured meat & veganism...
Find Vegard on his channel:
https://www.youtube.com/vegardls
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References & Further Reading
What is Meat?
https://www.britannica.com/topic/meat
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6689198/
https://econtent.hogrefe.com/doi/pdf/10.1024/0300-9831/a000224
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S019566631930724X?via%3Dihub
https://www.greenpeace.org.uk/news/why-meat-is-bad-for-the-environment/
Mycoprotein & Meat Substitutes
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/biochemistry-genetics-and-molecular-biology/mycoprotein
Intro to Cultured Meat
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31441608/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7162467/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7722853/
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/343407455_Culture_meat_and_cultured_meat
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/336309485_TRENDS_IN_CULTURED_MEAT
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/lab-grown-meat/
https://www.newscientist.com/term/lab-grown-meat/
Benefits & Drawbacks of Cultured Meat
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6322360/
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/342318440_Progress_and_Challenges_in_Cultured_Meat
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2020.00007/full?utm_campaign=Deep%20thoughts&utm_source=hs_email&utm_medium=email&_hsenc=p2ANqtz-_PwgSHbogOycilJfBWU45yAEb3o32nJ2D_Oj47k7H3BlroY9Xv47pBPBiNivvyCb84k9Vp
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15/02/21•1h 8m
95: How to Make Life In a Jar
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References:
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08/02/21•1h 5m
94: The Science of Taste (with Guy Larsen)
Guy Larsen joins us this week to eat lemons, chat about netball, and discuss the science of taste!
You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel:
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References and Further Reading
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK279408/
https://health.howstuffworks.com/mental-health/human-nature/perception/taste.htm
https://people.howstuffworks.com/flavor-tripping.htm
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26162535/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25314134/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Synsepalum+dulcificum&filter=simsearch2.ffrft
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27129026/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23886383/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29950553/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31362499/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30654496/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30895915/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29729324/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=taste%20receptor&filter=simsearch2.ffrft
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27174610/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30484669/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31836661/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28327968/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31480669/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31310579/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30475657/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31140574/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21885776/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32541708/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16213813/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31509575/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24362474/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28792937/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25662267/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20696704/
https://arxiv.org/abs/1209.2096
https://www.colgate.com/en-us/oral-health/brushing-and-flossing/orange-juice-and-toothpaste-why-they-dont-mix
https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/articles/zdcgpg8
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/miraculin
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2922655/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4435577/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5805144/
01/02/21•1h 10m
93: Mandela Effect: The Science of False Memories
Have you ever remembered something that didn’t happen? Turns out false memories are actually pretty common, in fact they’re the reason that so many people believe that Nelson Mandela died in prison...
You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel:
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References:
Memory Basics
https://snl.salk.edu/~eagleman/papers/EaglemanMontagueModelsofLM.pdf
https://science.howstuffworks.com/life/inside-the-mind/human-brain/human-memory1.htm
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2016/05/160517131928.htm
False Memories Basics & Seminal Papers
https://www.businessinsider.com/science-of-false-memories-2017-12?r=US&IR=T
https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2776349
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7319895/
https://webs.wofford.edu/steinmetzkr/Teaching/Psy150/Lecture%20PDFs/Roediger.pdf
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30550338/
https://www.healio.com/psychiatry/journals/psycann/1995-12-25-12/%7B2060e727-5296-43bd-8580-55b09b96f074%7D/the-formation-of-false-memories#divReadThis
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/2167702617724424
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/279598056_Tricks_of_Memory
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/227673242_False_memories_What_the_hell_are_they_for
https://www.gold.ac.uk/media/documents-by-section/departments/research-centres-and-units/research-units/anomalistic-psychology-research/2003-french-fantastic.pdf
https://staff.washington.edu/eloftus/Articles/sciam.htm
https://web.archive.org/web/20100619082741/http://www.psych.umn.edu/courses/fall07/brunnquelld/psy8542/Session%2015/Loftus%20-Lost%20in%20the%20Mall%20-%20Misrepresentations%20and%20misubders.pdf
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0956797614562862#aff-2
High Risk Demographics & Potential Consequences
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0956797614534694
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6892757/
https://cognitiveresearchjournal.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s41235-020-00262-1
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/acp.2350090302
https://srcd.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/1467-8624.00064
https://www.ceeol.com/search/article-detail?id=824601
Further Reading & Interesting Papers
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6749930/
https://indiarxiv.org/gjtfk/\
Incognito - David Eagleman
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25/01/21•1h 22m
92: Richard Shope and the Spanish Flu
The Spanish Flu was the worst pandemic of the 20th century, but it took us a decade to figure out what was causing it. This week we cover a little bit of the Spanish Flu and a lot of the man that discovered the culprit. Spoiler, it probably wasn’t Spain...
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References and Further Reading
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1951634/?page=1
http://centennial.rucares.org/index.php?page=Influenza
http://www.nasonline.org/publications/biographical-memoirs/memoir-pdfs/shope-richard.pdf
https://digitalcommons.rockefeller.edu/harvey-lectures/21/
https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/influenza-(seasonal)
https://www.cdc.gov/flu/pandemic-resources/1918-pandemic-h1n1.html
https://www.cdc.gov/flu/pandemic-resources/1918-commemoration/1918-pandemic-history.htm
https://www.history.com/.amp/topics/world-war-i/1918-flu-pandemic
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2118275/
https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.livescience.com/amp/spanish-flu.html
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2720273/
https://science.howstuffworks.com/life/cellular-microscopic/flu3.htm
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18/01/21•1h 1m
91: The Science of Sleep Paralysis
Ever wake up unable to move and get the feeling that there’s a demon standing in the corner of your room? You might have experienced sleep paralysis! Join us as we look at what causes it, how can we stop it, and why it usually feels like there’s someone watching you...
You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel:
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References and Further Reading
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5329044/?report=reader
https://www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/Patient-Caregiver-Education/Understanding-Sleep
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK562322/#!po=10.7143
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/narcolepsy/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32965993/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28735779/
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/sleep-paralysis/
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11/01/21•50m 51s
90: Y2K: The Millennium Bug
Happy New Year! To celebrate we talk about how the world almost ended at the turn of the millennium. Was it all a hoax or did we narrowly avoid a digital apocalypse?
You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel:
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References and Further Reading
https://youtu.be/BGrKKrsIpQw
https://youtu.be/MVI87HzfskQ
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-45083650
https://www.britannica.com/technology/Y2K-bug
https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/Y2K-bug/
https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2019/dec/31/millennium-bug-face-fears-y2k-it-systems
https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1999/03/07/big-glitch-at-nuclear-plant-shows-perils-of-y2k-tests/a148232f-5760-403c-bc14-b00382b6852d/
https://www.newscientist.com/article/2229238-a-lazy-fix-20-years-ago-means-the-y2k-bug-is-taking-down-computers-now/
https://time.com/5752129/y2k-bug-history/
news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/590932.stm
https://www.wired.com/2000/02/leap-day-tuesday-last-y2k-worry/
news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/582007.stm
https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b00mz53r
https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2001/sep/14/martinwainwright
https://nypost.com/2019/04/10/nyc-wireless-network-down-due-to-y2k-like-software-bug/
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-30576670
https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A4138-2004Jun24.html
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0268401298000437
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-30576670
https://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~rja14/Papers/y2k.html
https://www.washingtonpost.com/outlook/2019/12/30/lessons-yk-years-later/
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/what-are-the-main-problem/
https://computer.howstuffworks.com/y2k.htm
https://www.britannica.com/topic/EBCDIC
https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zjfgjxs/revision/3
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04/01/21•1h 1m
89: Time Travel (The Best of 2020)
Join us, The Sci Guys, as we take a journey through time and relive our favourite moments from the last year!
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28/12/20•1h 2m
88: Menstruation: The Science of Periods (with Bliss)
It’s that time of the month… another Patreon Vote episode! Bliss joins us as we dive into the science of periods and ask how they work, and why so few animals get them.
You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel:
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If you would like to support the podcast, please donate to our Patreon:
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References and Further Reading
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28271702/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25408753/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29530426/
https://www.forbes.com/sites/quora/2016/05/06/how-and-why-did-women-evolve-periods/?sh=41f5d07057a3
http://www.bbc.co.uk/earth/story/20150420-why-do-women-have-periods
https://www.jstor.org/stable/3035646?seq=1
https://www.britannica.com/science/menstruation/Hormonal-control-of-menstrual-cycle
https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/health-and-wellness/menstruation
https://www.britannica.com/science/menstruation/Normal-menstruation
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/toxic-shock-syndrome/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459345/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25899177/
https://www.discoverwildlife.com/animal-facts/do-any-non-human-animals-menstruate/
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/period-pain/
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/periods/period-problems/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28271702/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25408753/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29530426/
https://www.forbes.com/sites/quora/2016/05/06/how-and-why-did-women-evolve-periods/?sh=41f5d07057a3
http://www.bbc.co.uk/earth/story/20150420-why-do-women-have-periods
https://www.jstor.org/stable/3035646?seq=1
https://www.britannica.com/science/menstruation/Hormonal-control-of-menstrual-cycle
https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/health-and-wellness/menstruation
https://www.britannica.com/science/menstruation/Normal-menstruation
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/toxic-shock-syndrome/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459345/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25899177/
https://www.discoverwildlife.com/animal-facts/do-any-non-human-animals-menstruate/
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/period-pain/
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/periods/period-problems/
A special thank you to Ashley Mulle, our new Executive Producer!
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21/12/20•58m 3s
87: The Science of Parasocial Relationships (with Shaaba.)
Are influencers your friends? Some people feel like they might be, and that’s exactly what we’re talking about this week with Shaaba, an actual scientist studying parasocial relationships!
Find Shaaba over on her channel:
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCjZ97eKgNwC4j-z_6LDjfIg
SCI GUYS 2021 CALENDAR: https://normalcitizen.store/products/the-sci-guys-official-calendar-2021
You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel:
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References and Further Reading
https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.1086/222304
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/08838158709386664
https://academic.oup.com/joc/article-abstract/61/6/1104/4098489?redirectedFrom=fulltext
https://www.tutor2u.net/psychology/topics/levels-of-parasocial-relationships
https://www.tutor2u.net/psychology/reference/relationships-parasocial-relationships
https://www.acrwebsite.org/volumes/9073
https://books.google.co.uk/books?hl=en&lr=&id=yP0C_1SoK8cC&oi=fnd&pg=PT400&dq=levels+of+parasocial+relationships&ots=XVztS047T6&sig=Hboh8hw6dR8y2hOAisxw2G-Kcy8#v=onepage&q=levels%20of%20parasocial%20relationships&f=false
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/David_Giles4/publication/263088893_Parasocial_relationships/links/00b7d539db16e6dcb5000000/Parasocial-relationships.pdf?origin=publication_detail
https://thejsms.org/tsmri/index.php/TSMRI/article/download/364/167&sa=U&ved=2ahUKEwidoIKt-MfnAhWBK80KHdeeAXoQFjAdegQIARAB&usg=AOvVaw2y9r16gxIWYuwi5LiX2ymm
https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2014-07390-009
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Nicole_Liebers/publication/333748971_Parasocial_Interactions_and_Relationships_with_Media_Characters_-_An_Inventory_of_60_Years_of_Research/links/5d25ae8b92851cf44074e830/Parasocial-Interactions-and-Relationships-with-Media-Characters-An-Inventory-of-60-Years-of-Research.pdf?origin=publication_detail
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28280479/
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/The-internet-and-social-life.-Bargh-McKenna/4c9b69c992700cf963682c42a207457647f98012
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Why-We-Follow%3A-An-Examination-of-Parasocial-and-Fan-Frederick-Lim/d3fa7b64d6c50ef656d27b45fd9d71a2ac109ce5
https://research.vu.nl/en/publications/horton-and-wohl-revisited-exploring-viewers-experience-of-parasoc
https://research.vu.nl/en/publications/parasocial-interaction-and-parasocial-relationship-conceptual-cla
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00332747.1956.11023049
https://ink.library.smu.edu.sg/lkcsb_research_all/7/
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/9781119011071.iemp0176
https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/article/parasocial-relationships/
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0747563215000928
https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803100305809
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1468-2958.1985.tb00071.x
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/j.1468-2958.1985.tb00071.x
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/309186785_Celebrity-Persona_Parasocial_Interaction_Scale
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/273792904_Parasocial_Interaction_and_Parasocial_Relationship_Conceptual_Clarification_and_a_Critical_Assessment_of_Measures
https://www.participations.org/volume%203/issue%201/3_01_hortonwohl.htm
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00332747.1956.11023049
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Nicole_Liebers/publication/333748971_Parasocial_Interactions_and_Relationships_with_Media_Characters_-_An_Inventory_of_60_Years_of_Research/links/5d25ae8b92851cf44074e830/Parasocial-Interactions-and-Relationships-with-Media-Characters-An-Inventory-of-60-Years-of-Research.pdf?origin=publication_detail
https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803100305809
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14/12/20•1h 34m
86: Accidental Microwaves
Microwaves are a wonderful convenience of modern life, but how were they invented? Are they dangerous? Do they make food less healthy? We’ve got all the answers and a lot of nonsense in this week’s episode!
SCI GUYS 2021 CALENDAR: https://normalcitizen.store/products/the-sci-guys-official-calendar-2021
You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel:
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http://instagram.com/SciGuysPod
References and Further Reading
https://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phthalates_FactSheet.html
https://www.businessinsider.com/how-the-microwave-oven-was-invented-by-accident-2015-4?r=US&IR=T
https://www.livescience.com/57405-who-invented-microwave-oven.html
https://www.atomicheritage.org/profile/percy-spencer
https://www.aps.org/publications/apsnews/201510/physicshistory.cfm
https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20200714-is-it-safe-to-microwave-food
https://www.health.harvard.edu/staying-healthy/microwave-cooking-and-nutrition
https://www.fda.gov/radiation-emitting-products/resources-you-radiation-emitting-products/microwave-oven-radiation#:~:text=Microwaves%20are%20produced%20inside%20the,heat%20that%20cooks%20the%20food.
https://www.britannica.com/story/how-do-microwaves-work
https://home.howstuffworks.com/microwave.htm
https://academicjournals.org/journal/AJMR/article-abstract/9C02A4720258
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.1741-2358.2010.00442.x
https://www.livescience.com/38169-electromagnetism.html
https://www.invent.org/inductees/percy-l-spencer
https://engineering.mit.edu/engage/ask-an-engineer/why-cant-we-put-metal-objects-in-a-microwave/
https://www.wired.com/2014/05/wuwt-microwave-metal/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22949852/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27424259/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27822670/
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07/12/20•1h 4m
85: How to Make a Vaccine
Ever wondered what goes into a vaccine? How it’s tested? Why it takes up to 15 years to get one off the shelves and into the people that need it? We’re here with all the answers you could possible need, and some you definitely don’t...
SCI GUYS 2021 CALENDAR: https://normalcitizen.store/products/the-sci-guys-official-calendar-2021
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References and Further Reading
https://www.britannica.com/science/antigen
https://www.britannica.com/science/antibody
https://www.britannica.com/science/T-cell
https://www.britannica.com/science/B-cell
britannica.com/science/immune-system/The-nature-of-lymphocytes
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6102609/
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9781455700905000185
https://www.niaid.nih.gov/news-events/mosquito-borne-disease-vaccine-safe
https://www.cdc.gov/flu/prevent/how-fluvaccine-made.htm
https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/parents/why-vaccinate/vaccine-decision.html?CDC_AA_refVal=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fvaccines%2Fparents%2Fvaccine-decision%2Findex.html
https://www.immunology.org/celebrate-vaccines/public-engagement/guide-childhood-vaccinations/how-vaccines-work
https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/basics/test-approve.html
https://www.who.int/influenza/resources/publications/WHO_OHE_PED_GIP_2016_1_Annex_2.pdf?ua=1
http://vk.ovg.ox.ac.uk/vk/vaccine-development#
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/coronavirus-covid-19/research/coronavirus-vaccine-research/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6156540/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4944327/
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/vaccine-development
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5792371/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6238075/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5906799/
cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/downloads/prinvac.pdf
https://www.niaid.nih.gov/research/vaccine-types
who.int/vaccine_safety/initiative/tech_support/Part-2.pdf
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/vaccinations/why-vaccination-is-safe-and-important/
https://www.who.int/health-topics/vaccines-and-immunization#tab=tab_1
https://www.who.int/news-room/q-a-detail/vaccines-and-immunization-what-is-vaccination
http://vk.ovg.ox.ac.uk/vk/how-do-vaccines-work
https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/the-immune-system#:~:text=The%20immune%20system%20protects%20your,which%20you%20are%20born%20with.
https://www.niaid.nih.gov/news-events/mosquito-borne-disease-vaccine-safe
https://www.pfizer.co.uk/behind-science-what-mrna-vaccine
https://www.nature.com/articles/nrd.2017.243
https://www.historyofvaccines.org/index.php/content/articles/vaccine-development-testing-and-regulation
https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/articles/znf3c7h
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3164579/
https://www.mentalfloss.com/article/529892/how-are-vaccines-made
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30/11/20•1h 26m
84: DeepSqueak: How to Speak to Rats
Ever wish you could understand what your pets are saying? DeepSqueak is bringing us one step closer to that... with rats and mice...
We also have a very special guest featured this week...
SCI GUYS 2021 CALENDAR: https://normalcitizen.store/products/the-sci-guys-official-calendar-2021
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References and Further Reading
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=25LYVxTUZhM
https://www.wildmountainechoes.com/equipment/options-for-recording-ultrasounds/
https://www.cam.ac.uk/research/research-at-cambridge/animal-research/about-our-animal-research/which-types-of-animals-do-we-use/rats
https://www.britannica.com/technology/neural-network
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41386-018-0303-6#Sec1
https://github.com/DrCoffey/DeepSqueak
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5040720/#:~:text=Rats%20emit%20ultrasonic%20vocalizations%20of,role%20is%20not%20fully%20understood.
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-46907-0
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23/11/20•58m 33s
83: Many Worlds & Quantum Realms (with NoahFinnce)
This episode will definitely change your life!*
NoahFinnce joins us this week as we delve into the multiverse and discover the weird science behind the Many Worlds Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics...
*Just maybe not in this universe.
CONTENT WARNING - S*icide mention between 52:30 and 56:58.
Find Noah on his channel:
http://www.youtube.com/noahfinnce
You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel:
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References and Further Reading
Quantum Mechanics: A Complete Introduction - Dr Alexander Zagoskin
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kxvQ3Wyw2M4
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Da-2h2B4faU
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kTXTPe3wahc
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kF6USB2I1iU
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Be3HlA_9968
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=igsuIuI_HAQ
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KNwKPfOKipk
https://arxiv.org/pdf/0811.0810.pdf
https://arxiv.org/pdf/1104.2822.pdf
https://arxiv.org/pdf/1001.2758.pdf
https://science.howstuffworks.com/innovation/science-questions/quantum-suicide4.htm#:~:text=The%20Copenhagen%20interpretation%20was%20first,its%20possible%20states%20at%20once.
https://www.forbes.com/sites/startswithabang/2018/02/07/the-biggest-myth-in-quantum-physics/
https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg21028154-200-when-the-multiverse-and-many-worlds-collide/
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/hugh-everett-biography/
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-02602-8
https://www.quantamagazine.org/why-the-many-worlds-interpretation-of-quantum-mechanics-has-many-problems-20181018/
https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/qm-manyworlds/
https://www.britannica.com/science/anthropic-principle
https://www.britannica.com/science/cosmological-constant
https://www.britannica.com/science/multiverse
https://phys.org/news/2018-05-death-hawking-multiverse-theory-size.html
https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/cross-check/multiverse-theories-are-bad-for-science/
https://www.newscientist.com/question/are-there-multiple-universes/
https://www.forbes.com/sites/startswithabang/2019/03/15/this-is-why-the-multiverse-must-exist/
https://www.britannica.com/science/quantum-mechanics-physics/Paradox-of-Einstein-Podolsky-and-Rosen#ref611919
https://www.britannica.com/topic/philosophy-of-physics/The-theory-of-Bohm#ref1051265
https://science.howstuffworks.com/innovation/science-questions/quantum-suicide4.htm
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-02602-8
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16/11/20•1h 9m
82: The Science of Stockholm Syndrome
Is Stockholm Syndrome real? The answer may not be as simple as you think, in fact it could even be an invention of the media...
You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel:
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References and Further Reading
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-22447726
https://www.businessinsider.com/stockholm-syndrome-could-be-a-myth-2013-10?amp&r=US&IR=T
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16203697/
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1300/J070v14n03_06
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18028254/
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1600-0447.2007.01112.x
https://www.britannica.com/science/Stockholm-syndrome
https://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?handle=hein.journals/fbileb76&div=69&id=&page=
https://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?handle=hein.journals/fbileb68&div=54&id=&page=
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1300/J173v04n01_02
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09/11/20•53m 25s
81: Gene Editing with CRISPR
This week we chat about the genetic revolution and the ethics of editing human DNA...
You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel:
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If you would like to support the podcast, please donate to our Patreon:
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References and Further Reading
https://www.britannica.com/science/DNA
https://www.britannica.com/science/gene
https://www.britannica.com/science/gene-editing#ref1272858
https://www.livescience.com/amp/58790-crispr-explained.html
https://www.newscientist.com/term/what-is-crispr/
https://www.britannica.com/science/gene-editing
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-03018-0
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/despite-controversy-human-studies-of-crispr-move-forward-in-the-u-s/#:~:text=Despite%20Controversy%2C%20Human%20Studies%20of%20CRISPR%20Move%20Forward%20in%20the%20U.S.,-The%20technology%20that&text=Researchers%20in%20the%20U.S.%20have,trials%20of%20CRISPR%20in%20humans.
https://www.theguardian.com/science/2020/mar/04/doctors-use-gene-editing-tool-crispr-inside-body-for-first-time
https://www.newscientist.com/article/2208777-exclusive-five-couples-lined-up-for-crispr-babies-to-avoid-deafness/
https://www.cff.org/Research/Research-Into-the-Disease/Restore-CFTR-Function/Gene-Editing-for-Cystic-Fibrosis/
https://www.cff.org/Research/Research-Into-the-Disease/Restore-CFTR-Function/Gene-Delivery-for-Cystic-Fibrosis-Therapy/
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-01906-4
https://www.sciencemag.org/features/2019/09/beyond-crispr-what-s-current-and-upcoming-genome-editing
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4YKFw2KZA5o
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02/11/20•1h 21m
80: The Science of ADHD (with Kim Nieuwenhuis)
This week Kim joins us as we give you the A to Z on ADHD...
Find Kim on her YouTube channel:
https://www.youtube.com/OhItsJustKim
You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel:
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If you would like to support the podcast, please donate to our Patreon:
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References and Further Reading
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder-adhd/treatment/
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder-adhd/causes/
https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/adhd/facts.html
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Cause+of+adhd
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24259638/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27189265/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30301823/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28091799/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22963644/
Psychobiology - Chris Chandler
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26/10/20•1h 23m
79: The Laughing Death
There was a curious disease found in New Guinea, that caused a very odd pattern of deaths. The reason for the outbreak turned out to be very simple, but you won’t believe it...
You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel:
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References and Further Reading
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6466359/
https://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/all-disorders/kuru-information-page
https://text.npr.org/s.php?sId=482952588
https://www.cdc.gov/prions/index.html
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/creutzfeldt-jakob-disease-cjd/
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/what-is-a-prion-specifica/
https://www.cdc.gov/prions/bse/index.html
https://www.fda.gov/animal-veterinary/animal-health-literacy/all-about-bse-mad-cow-disease
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/0-387-21755-X_3
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20948292/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25131595/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24189576/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28109329/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18558863/
https://people.howstuffworks.com/cannibalism8.htm
https://www.businessinsider.com/why-self-cannibalism-is-bad-idea-2018-5?amp&r=US&IR=T
https://www.nature.com/articles/srep44707/tables/2
https://www.wired.co.uk/article/lab-grown-human-meat-cannibalism
https://api.nationalgeographic.com/distribution/public/amp/news/2017/02/cannibalism-common-natural-history-bill-schutt
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19/10/20•50m 29s
78: Misophonia: Sound Rage
Can’t stand the sound of people eating? You’re not alone... You might even have a medical condition!
You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel:
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References and Further Reading
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/hyperacusis/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5562945/#!po=0.793651
https://misophoniatreatment.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/A-MISO-S.pdf
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31066600/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6034066/#!po=7.89474
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0054706
https://www.improbable.com/ig-about/winners/
https://www.improbable.com/ig-about/winners/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4547634/#!po=1.21951
http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.1067.3711&rep=rep1&type=pdf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6034066/#!po=7.89474
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33005154/
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0054706
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sciguys.co.uk
12/10/20•1h 4m
77: Game Theory (with Evan Edinger)
This week Evan Edinger joins us to talk about game shows, A Beautiful Mind, and schizophrenia...
Find Evan on his YouTube channel:
http://youtube.com/evan
You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel:
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References and Further Reading
https://www.google.co.uk/amp/s/www.livescience.com/amp/38936-mathematics.html
https://www.google.co.uk/amp/s/amp.ft.com/content/f1ec9a54-a35f-11e2-ac00-00144feabdc0
http://euclid.trentu.ca/math/sb/misc/mathsci.html
https://www.investopedia.com/terms/n/nash-equilibrium.asp
https://www.britannica.com/science/game-theory
https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/1994/nash/facts/
http://livingwithschizophreniauk.org/john-nash/
https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-Nash
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sciguys.co.uk
05/10/20•1h 9m
76: Mass Hysteria: The Dancing Plague
Our Patrons chose Mass Hysteria as the episode topic this week, so we’re talking about The Dancing Plague! In 1518 a French town was overcome with a contagious conclusion to dance til they dropped...
You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel:
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References and Further Reading
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3536509/
https://www.mcgill.ca/oss/article/history-quackery/history-hysteria
https://www.health.harvard.edu/newsletter_article/The_nocebo_response
https://www.health.harvard.edu/mental-health/the-power-of-the-placebo-effect
https://www.britannica.com/science/psychosomatic-disorder
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3480686/
https://www.history.com/news/what-was-the-dancing-plague-of-1518
https://www.britannica.com/event/dancing-plague-of-1518
https://journals.lww.com/epidem/FullText/2010/09000/Frequency_and_Predictors_of_Mass_Psychogenic.31.aspx
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sciguys.co.uk
28/09/20•1h 26m
75: Eugenics & Birth Control (with Bliss)
This week, Bliss joins us talk about sexy no kid, otherwise known as “the pill”. How was it invented? Who was behind it? How was Eugenics involved?
You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel:
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References and Further Reading
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/contraception/combined-contraceptive-pill/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4462239/
https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2017/9/28/the-bitter-pill/
T-to-test-the-birth-control-pill/
https://www.history.com/news/birth-control-pill-history-puerto-rico-enovid/
https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/pill-puerto-rico-pill-trials/
https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PNAAV359.pdf
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sciguys.co.uk
21/09/20•1h 5m
74: The Psychedelic Disaster
Did the CIA spike a French Town? Or was it a case of contaminated bread? We might never know, but we do know that whatever happened resulted in a truly psychedelic disaster...
You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel:
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References and Further Reading
https://www.britannica.com/science/ergot
http://www.botany.hawaii.edu/faculty/wong/BOT135/LECT12.HTM
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6640538/
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/pharmacology-toxicology-and-pharmaceutical-science/ergotism
https://www.britannica.com/science/ergotism
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2069953/
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-10996838
https://www.nytimes.com/2008/07/24/arts/24iht-blume.1.14718462.html
https://www.mentalfloss.com/article/558020/pont-saint-esprit-france-1951-bread-poisoning-mass-hallucinations
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sciguys.co.uk
14/09/20•38m 54s
73: Neuralink: Elon Musk's Brain Chip
This week Luke takes over to give us the lowdown on Elon Musk’s new venture that will hopefully link your mind to almost any kind of tech you could want! Are these brain chips dangerous? Can they meet the expectations Elon has set? Find out in this week’s episode on Neuralink!
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References and Further Reading
http://neurosky.com/2015/06/what-is-bci-and-how-did-it-evolve/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2920041/
https://abcnews.go.com/Health/elon-musk-unveils-brain-chip-implant-fitbit-skull/story?id=72703840
https://www.jmir.org/2019/10/e16194/
https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/16/technology/neuralink-elon-musk.html
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gqdo57uky4o
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iOWFXqT5MZ4
https://www.businessinsider.com/we-spoke-to-2-neuroscientists-about-how-exciting-elon-musks-neuralink-really-is-2019-9?r=US&IR=T
https://www.medicaldevice-network.com/features/neuralink-fact-fiction/
http://neurosky.com/2015/06/what-is-bci-and-how-did-it-evolve/
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07/09/20•57m 37s
72: The Stolen Cure for Leprosy
Ever heard of Alice Ball? No? There’s a pretty awful reason why you haven’t... This week’s episode has all the answers you need to one of the most scandalous stories you’ve never heard
You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel:
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References and Further Reading
https://scientificwomen.net/women/ball-alice-121
https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg24732910-900-alice-ball-pioneered-leprosy-treatment-and-then-had-her-work-stolen/
https://oumnh.ox.ac.uk/alice-ball
https://www.biography.com/.amp/scientist/alice-ball
https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/leprosy
https://www.lepra.org.uk/what-we-do/leprosy
https://www.cdc.gov/leprosy/treatment/index.html
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31/08/20•34m 13s
71: The Science of Bipolar Disorder
This week our patrons chose Bipolar Disorder as the topic for us to tackle! We ask some big questions and dispel some misconceptions as we get into the science of bipolar disorder.
You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel:
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References and Further Reading
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/bipolar-disorder
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/bipolar-disorder/causes/
https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/bipolar-disorder/index.shtml
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1525098/
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40268-016-0139-7
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2800957/
https://www.dana.org/article/neurotransmitters/
https://qbi.uq.edu.au/brain/brain-physiology/what-are-neurotransmitters
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC383340/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1525098/
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24/08/20•53m 10s
70: Feminism and Fossils
Finding fossils frequently for financial funding was Mary Anning’s sole source of income for most of her life, but she didn’t just find and sell fossils - she was one of the most accomplished palaeontologists of her time. Unfortunately she was also a woman, more specifically a woman from a lower class background, which meant that she did not receive the formal recognition she deserved in her lifetime.
You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel:
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References and Further Reading
https://www.famousscientists.org/mary-anning/
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Mary-Anning
https://www.lymeregismuseum.co.uk/collection/mary-anning/
https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/mary-anning-unsung-hero.html
https://ucmp.berkeley.edu/history/anning.html
https://www.scholastic.com/teachers/articles/teaching-content/when-was-first-dinosaur-discovered/
http://www.wondersandmarvels.com/2016/09/ancient-egyptians-collected-fossils.html
https://science.howstuffworks.com/life/evolution/question609.htm
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17/08/20•44m 8s
69: The Science of Sex
It’s episode 69, you know what that means... This week we’re talking about the science of sex! Absolutely everything you need to know about the birds and the bees (including why you really shouldn’t look to them for advice)
You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel:
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References and Further Reading
http://www.bbc.co.uk/earth/story/20160704-the-real-reasons-why-we-have-sex
https://www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/sexual-reproduction-and-the-evolution-of-sex-824/
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF01601983
https://biologydictionary.net/sexual-reproduction/
https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/sexual-reproduction/
https://www.britannica.com/science/ovoviviparity
https://www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/genetic-mechanisms-of-sex-determination-314/
https://www.genome.gov/about-genomics/fact-sheets/Chromosomes-Fact-Sheet
https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/sexual-reproduction/
https://www.britannica.com/science/sex
https://www.livescience.com/52489-meiosis.html
https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/cellular-molecular-biology/meiosis/a/phases-of-meiosis
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3164815/
https://www.nature.com/articles/166820a0
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10/08/20•1h 48m
68: The Science of Tourette's
Tourette’s syndrome isn’t one of the most well known neurological disorders, and yet it is also one of the most misunderstood. This week we dive into the science behind Tourette’s , and bust all of the myths and misconceptions you might have heard...
You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel:
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References and Further Reading
https://www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/Patient-Caregiver-Education/Fact-Sheets/Tourette-Syndrome-Fact-Sheet
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/tourettes-syndrome/
https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/tourette/facts.html
https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/tourette/diagnosis.html
https://www.gosh.nhs.uk/conditions-and-treatments/conditions-we-treat/tourette-syndrome
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28722101/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28046197/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25604739/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28807495/
https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/tourette/data.html
https://www.tourettes-action.org.uk/70-medication.html
https://www.tourettes-action.org.uk/21-causes-of-ts.html
https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/tourette/riskfactors.html
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4971013/
https://www.columbianeurology.org/neurology/staywell/document.php?id=36845
https://n.neurology.org/content/87/7/e65
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25392196/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4306818/#!po=5.35714
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3201847/
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03/08/20•50m 32s
67: The Science of Synesthesia
Can you see sounds? Smell letters? Feel colours? Synesthesia is a condition that links people’s senses, so some people in the word can actually do this! We discuss the science behind this (not so) super power...
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References and Further Reading
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3222625/
https://www.livescience.com/amp/60707-what-is-synesthesia.html
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3222625/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22521474/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25704836/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30639511/
https://www.apa.org/monitor/mar01/synesthesia
https://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/syne.html
https://books.google.co.uk/books?hl=en&lr=&id=mLTcmQ6q8N4C&oi=fnd&pg=PA193&dq=synesthesia&ots=OJfyHDr4X8&sig=CmEj_UTFrQxV8b-G0Z7qztl69yQ&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=synesthesia&f=false
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0896627305008354
https://books.google.co.uk/books?hl=en&lr=&id=fl6wX4xzb_kC&oi=fnd&pg=PR7&dq=synesthesia&ots=ij8szIR8qx&sig=OALdWaszN2KSCwgXZ4Yut4cN4Lk&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=synesthesia&f=false
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22747246/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29188078/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25545055/
https://www.livescience.com/60707-what-is-synesthesia.html
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/what-is-synesthesia/
https://www.psychologytoday.com/gb/basics/synesthesia
https://www.britannica.com/science/synesthesia
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27/07/20•1h 15m
66: The Science of Ice Cream (with Matt Gray)
I scream, you scream, we all scream for ice cream - but have you ever wondered what makes ice cream ice cream? We’re here to answer all of the questions you might have on everyone’s favourite dessert
Matt’s channel:
https://www.youtube.com/MattGrayYES
Will It Soft Serve?
https://www.youtube.com/WillItSoftServe
You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel:
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References and Further Reading
http://www.todayifoundout.com/index.php/2013/06/the-history-of-ice-cream/
https://www.icecreamnation.org/ancient-china/
https://www.idfa.org/the-history-of-ice-cream
https://home.howstuffworks.com/freezer3.htm
https://www.stem.org.uk/news-and-views/opinions/science-icecream
https://www.stem.org.uk/elibrary/resource/34520
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29291835/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20988886/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30447975/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28071014/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31423589/
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022030204731355
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0749379706001796
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0963996909000908
https://medium.com/show-some-stempathy/the-science-behind-ice-cream-61436b592a37
https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/education/resources/highschool/chemmatters/past-issues/archive-2013-2014/ice-cream-chemistry.html
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20/07/20•59m 3s
65: The Sexist Thalidomide Tragedy
Sexism in STEM is certainly a problem, this week we talk about a disastrous outcome of this bias. The Thalidomide scandal is an example of the dangers of poor testing and sheer recklessness.
You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel:
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References and Further Reading
https://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/objects-and-stories/medicine/thalidomide
https://www.thalidomidetrust.org/about-us/about-thalidomide/
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cancer/in-depth/thalidomide/art-20046534
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/journals/
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-15536544
https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Organic_Chemistry/Supplemental_Modules_(Organic_Chemistry)/Chirality/Chirality_and_Stereoisomers
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/1520636x
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2016/02/160208124237.htm
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-35457-6
https://academic.oup.com/toxsci/article/110/1/4/1668162
https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/molecule-of-the-week/archive/t/thalidomide.html
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13/07/20•51m 10s
64: The Racist Syphilis Experiment
What happens when you mix America’s Public Health Service with 399 men with untreated syphilis? Nothing, for 40 years. That’s right, America secretly ran a study on black men just to see why would happen if they didn’t treat their deadly and transmissible disease.
You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel:
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References and Further Reading
https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/retropolis/wp/2017/05/16/youve-got-bad-blood-the-horror-of-the-tuskegee-syphilis-experiment/
https://www.history.com/news/the-infamous-40-year-tuskegee-study
https://www.cdc.gov/tuskegee/index.html
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4568718/
https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=vKFYAtcLAxgC&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2607737/
https://www.jstor.org/stable/44448396?seq=1
https://drum.lib.umd.edu/handle/1903/23029
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/syphilis/
https://www.britannica.com/science/syphilis
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06/07/20•1h 23m
63: Einstein and the Great Brain Robbery
Vote 'Sci Guys' for the Listeners' Choice Award: vote.sciguys.co.uk
You’ve heard of Albert Einstein but do you know the story of his stolen brain? This week we talk about Einstein’s greatest work and some things they probably won’t have taught you in school...
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References and Further Reading
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/phenomena/2014/04/21/the-tragic-story-of-how-einsteins-brain-was-stolen-and-wasnt-even-special/
https://www.britannica.com/science/E-mc2-equation
https://www.britannica.com/science/relativity/Special-relativity#ref252878
https://www.newscientist.com/people/albert-einstein/#ixzz6QNpfEBWW
https://www.britannica.com/science/photoelectric-effect
https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=Va5T2KcYiOw
https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=0RApKeMGDnE
https://www.newscientist.com/people/albert-einstein/#
https://www.biography.com/scientist/albert-einstein
https://api.nationalgeographic.com/distribution/public/amp/news/2017/06/einstein-relativity-lasers-solar-genius-science
https://www.space.com/amp/15524-albert-einstein.html
https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aso/databank/entries/bpeins.html
https://www.space.com/amp/36273-theory-special-relativity.html
https://www.britannica.com/science/relativity/Special-relativity#ref252878
https://www.britannica.com/science/E-mc2-equation
https://www.forbes.com/sites/startswithabang/2018/01/23/the-three-meanings-of-emc2-einsteins-most-famous-equation/amp/
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/was-einstein-the-first-to-invent-e-mc2/
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29/06/20•1h 5m
62: The Gay Gene: The Science of Being Gay (with Rowan Ellis)
What is it that makes people gay? Have scientists actually found a gay gene? What do dolphins have to do with it? This pride themed episode has all the answers you need!
You can see more from Rowan here: http://youtube.com/muppetmadness
You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel:
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If you would like to support the podcast, please donate to our Patreon:
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References and Further Reading
https://www.britannica.com/topic/homosexuality
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22720828/
https://science.sciencemag.org/content/268/5219/1841.long
https://science.sciencemag.org/content/284/5414/571
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4771012/
http://www.bbc.co.uk/earth/story/20150206-are-there-any-homosexual-animalshttp://www.bbc.co.uk/earth/story/20150206-are-there-any-homosexual-animals
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/2004/07/homosexual-animals-debate/
https://phys.org/news/2019-05-scientists-explore-evolution-animal-homosexuality.html
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-02585-6
https://www.bbc.co.uk/science/humanbody/sex/articles/results/handedness.shtml
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5325203/
https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg24332435-200-biologists-have-a-problem-with-homosexuality-they-should-get-over-it/
https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg24532684-400-same-sex-attraction-isnt-an-evolutionary-paradox-heres-why/
https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn13674-evolution-myths-natural-selection-cannot-explain-homosexuality/
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-26089486
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/massive-study-finds-no-single-genetic-cause-of-same-sex-sexual-behavior/
https://www.forbes.com/sites/dawnstaceyennis/2019/08/30/the-gay-gene-is-a-myth-but-being-gay-is-natural-say-scientists/#1f32645b7fa7
https://embryo.asu.edu/pages/linkage-between-dna-markers-x-chromosome-and-male-sexual-orientation-1993-dean-h-hamer-and
https://www.nature.com/articles/ng1195-248
https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg13918830-300-gene-hunters-sound-warning-over-gay-link/
https://www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/epigenetic-influences-and-disease-895/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1392256/
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22/06/20•1h 7m
61: Trans Brains: The Science of Being Transgender (with NoahFinnce)
Is there a difference between male and female brains? Is that the cause of dysphoria? We delve into these questions and more with returning guest NoahFinnce!
You can see more from Noah here: youtube.com/noahfinnce
You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel:
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If you would like to support the podcast, please donate to our Patreon:
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References and Further Reading
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28382847/?from_term=transgender&from_pos=3
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29732618/?from_term=transgender&from_pos=4
http://sitn.hms.harvard.edu/flash/2016/gender-lines-science-transgender-identity/
https://www.forbes.com/sites/quora/2019/10/14/how-is-the-science-behind-gender-division-evolving/
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-018-07238-8
https://www.who.int/genomics/gender/en/index1.html
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-01237-z
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5953012/
https://www.them.us/story/brain-scans-transgender-identity
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-23976-1
https://www.pnas.org/content/112/50/15468
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053811920301002
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/gender-dysphoria/
http://europepmc.org/backend/ptpmcrender.fcgi?accid=PMC2669491&blobtype=pdf
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/The-Sexual-Differentiation-of-the-Human-Brain%3A-Role-Bakker/402dbf3c223288f49fad94000487593a10c3c8c2
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29050504/?from_term=transgender&from_pos=5
https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/nature/etc/hormones.html
https://www.health.harvard.edu/heart-health/sex-hormones-and-your-heart
https://www.dana.org/article/hormones/
https://health.howstuffworks.com/sexual-health/sexuality/secondary-sex-characteristics.htm
https://www.nhs.uk/common-health-questions/mens-health/what-is-gynaecomastia/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sex_steroid
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15/06/20•59m 4s
60: Why 5G is Dangerous
5G could open up a whole new world of technology, and fundamentally change the way we live our lives, but what are the dangers of this Promethean technology? This week we break down the REAL reason you should be worried about 5G...
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References and Further Reading
https://www.ofcom.org.uk/phones-telecoms-and-internet/advice-for-consumers/advice/what-is-5g
https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/features/5g-what-is-health-risks-towers-technology-conspiracy-theory-coronavirus-a9455356.html
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-48616174
https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2020/apr/07/how-false-claims-about-5g-health-risks-spread-into-the-mainstream
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-03609-x
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/may/04/5g-mobile-networks-threat-to-world-weather-forecasting
https://www.nationalgeographic.co.uk/science-and-technology/2019/11/could-your-next-mobile-phone-wreck-our-weather-forecasts
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/5g-could-disrupt-accurate-weather-forecasts/
https://www.wired.co.uk/article/5g-weather-reports
https://www.wired.co.uk/article/5g-health-risks-concerns
https://www.synopsys.com/5g/5g-vs-4g.html
https://edition.cnn.com/2020/01/17/tech/5g-technical-explainer/index.html
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Kuppusamy_Peramandai_Govindasamy/publication/301789296_A_Comparative_Study_on_4G_and_5G_Technology_for_Wireless_Applications/links/5728768f08ae586b21e52fb9/A-Comparative-Study-on-4G-and-5G-Technology-for-Wireless-Applications.pdf?origin=publication_detail
https://www.wired.com/story/5g-networks-could-throw-weather-forecasting-into-chaos/
https://www.who.int/peh-emf/about/WhatisEMF/en/
https://revisionworld.com/gcse-revision/physics/electromagnetic-radiation/wave-communication
https://www.ems1.com/ems-products/communications/articles/how-ems-communication-has-changed-in-the-digital-age-rqlCHWFiTjouK5Qn/
https://www.who.int/peh-emf/publications/facts/fs304/en/
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/52168096
https://www.nature.com/articles/d42473-019-00009-7
https://www.who.int/news-room/q-a-detail/5g-mobile-networks-and-health
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08/06/20•52m 55s
59: The Science of Deepfakes
Is truth dead in a world without video evidence? That’s just one of the questions we cover in this week’s episode on Deepfakes. This face swapping technology is still young, but it’s set to change the world...
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References and Further Reading
https://youtu.be/OCLaeBAkFAY
https://www.merriam-webster.com/words-at-play/deepfake-slang-definition-examples
https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2020/jan/13/what-are-deepfakes-and-how-can-you-spot-them
https://www.vice.com/en_uk/article/kz4amx/fsgan-program-makes-it-even-easier-to-make-deepfakes
https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2018/nov/12/deep-fakes-fake-news-truth
https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/04/technology/fake-videos-deepfakes.html
https://www.creativelive.com/blog/tbt-photo-manipulation-before-photoshop/
https://www.nytimes.com/2006/01/24/science/it-may-look-authentic-heres-how-to-tell-it-isnt.html
http://iisjoa.org/sites/default/files/iisjoa/2017/PDF/11.%20Jitendra%20Sharma%20&%20Rohita%20Sharma.pdf
http://www.alteredimagesbdc.org/national-geographic/
https://www.cc.gatech.edu/~beki/cs4001/history.pdf
https://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?handle=hein.journals/calr107&div=51&id=&page=
https://arxiv.org/abs/1812.08685
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/8683164
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Nicephore-Niepce
https://www.mentalfloss.com/article/83262/how-photo-retouching-worked-photoshop
https://www.britannica.com/technology/photography
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01/06/20•1h 5m
58: Dissociative Identity Disorder
How many people can you fit in one head? We’re covering Dissociative Identity Disorder this week, a condition often misrepresented in media. Find out the science behind Split, Fight Club, and many more films!
Thanks to our patrons for choosing this episode’s topic
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References and Further Reading
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24788904/?from_term=dissociative+identity+disorder&from_pos=1
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24865199/?from_term=dissociative+identity+disorder&from_pos=2
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28745945/?from_term=dissociative+identity+disorder&from_pos=3
https://guilfordjournals.com/doi/abs/10.1521/bumc_2017_81_08
https://www.webmd.com/mental-health/dissociative-identity-disorder-multiple-personality-disorder#1
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/dissociative-disorders/
https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/dissociative-disorders/what-are-dissociative-disorders
https://www.sane.org/information-stories/facts-and-guides/dissociative-identity-disorder
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/dissociative-disorders/symptoms-causes/syc-20355215
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4899-0310-5_16
https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1996-06491-000
https://www.psych.theclinics.com/article/S0193-953X(05)00096-1/abstract
https://psychiatryonline.org/doi/abs/10.1176/appi.books.9781585625048.gg24
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XF2zeOdE5GY&feature=youtu.be
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uxktavpRdzU
https://www.webmd.com/mental-health/dissociative-identity-disorder-multiple-personality-disorder#4-8
https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/types-of-mental-health-problems/dissociation-and-dissociative-disorders/about-dissociation/https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/types-of-mental-health-problems/dissociation-and-dissociative-disorders/about-dissociation/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3233754/
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/multiple-sclerosis/
https://youtu.be/uxktavpRdzU
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25/05/20•59m 34s
57: Bioplastics
Thank you to Clear On Plastics for sponsoring this week’s podcast.
Make sure you play this weeks Quick Fire Quiz on the Clear on Plastics Instagram page here: https://bit.ly/SciGuysClearOnPlastics (It’ll be saved as a highlight for you to play)
You can find out more about bio-plastics here: https://bit.ly/bioPlastics
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References and Further Reading
https://www.wrap.org.uk/sites/files/wrap/3Rs%20Recycling%20Highlights%202015%20FINAL%20FOR%20PUBLICATION.pdf
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/plastic
https://www.sciencehistory.org/the-history-and-future-of-plastics
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/2018/11/are-bioplastics-made-from-plants-better-for-environment-ocean-plastic/
https://www.bpf.co.uk/sustainability/plastics_recycling.aspx
https://www.recyclenow.com/recycling-knowledge/how-is-it-recycled/plastics
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-27442625
https://www.bpf.co.uk/plastipedia/plastics_history/default.aspx
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/2018/11/are-bioplastics-made-from-plants-better-for-environment-ocean-plastic/
https://www.thoughtco.com/plastic-chemical-composition-608930
https://www.bpf.co.uk/plastipedia/how-is-plastic-made.aspx
https://www.activesustainability.com/environment/what-are-bioplastics/
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/a-brief-history-of-plastic-world-conquest/
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18/05/20•41m 21s
56: Life-Saving Bread
Did you know that bread could save your life? Alexander Fleming accidentally discovered penicillin and saved countless lives!
This week we cover the series of fortunate events that development of the first ever antibiotic...
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References and Further Reading
https://www.khanacademy.org/science/health-and-medicine/current-issues-in-health-and-medicine/antibiotics-and-antibiotic-resistance/a/antibiotics-an-overview
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/216798#history
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/antibiotics/
https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1945/fleming/biographical/
https://www.pbs.org/newshour/health/the-real-story-behind-the-worlds-first-antibiotic
https://www.kidsdiscover.com/quick-reads/penicillin-found-functional-fungus/
http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/fleming_alexander.shtml
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5403050/
https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/education/whatischemistry/landmarks/flemingpenicillin.html
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11/05/20•49m 14s
55: The Griffith Griffith Observatory
You may know the Griffith Observatory from La La Land, but did you know the story of poison, betrayal, and attempted murder that led to its founding?
Corry gives you everything you need to know about his favourite place in the world, The Griffith Observatory!
You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel:
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References and Further Reading
https://www.latimes.com/local/la-xpm-2011-jun-12-la-me-0612-then-20110612-story.html
https://www.kcet.org/shows/lost-la/the-complex-life-of-griffith-j-griffith
https://hollywoodforever.com/story/griffith-j-griffith/
http://www.griffithobservatory.org/exhibits/centralrotunda_griffithjgriffith.html
https://www.telegraph.co.uk/expat/expatlife/8751943/The-Britons-who-made-their-mark-on-LA.html
http://www.griffithobservatory.org
http://griffithmedia.org/bigpicture/index.htm
https://www.google.co.uk/amp/s/www.livescience.com/amp/33356-weight-on-planets-mars-moon.html
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04/05/20•54m 26s
54: Clever Hans
Can horses count to 10? What about recognise Mozart, read, write, or do sums? Clever Hans could do them all, or at least he convinced the people around him that he could!
You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel:
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References and Further Reading
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Clever-Hans
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3921203/
https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007%2F978-3-540-68706-1_1425
https://www.nice.org.uk/glossary?letter=b
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27/04/20•40m 30s
53: Climate Change
It’s been a whole year of Sci Guys, so we thought we’d do our most requested topic. Get ready to learn everything you need to know about Climate Change!
You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel:
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References and Further Reading
https://youtu.be/RLqXkYrdmjY
https://www.snopes.com/collections/climate-change-denial-debunked/
http://opr.ca.gov/facts/common-denier-arguments.html
https://science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/green-science/climate-skeptic.htm
https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C5&as_ylo=2019&q=can+we+stop+climate+change&btnG=
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/wcc.619
https://books.google.co.uk/books?hl=en&lr=&id=9uG5DwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PT7&dq=climate+change&ots=aBOkXWn-Xq&sig=Fv3H3hbf3pMW4I1Jn3JKjDN8UUA&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=climate%20change&f=false
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41579-019-0222-5
https://books.google.co.uk/books?hl=en&lr=&id=KwKGDwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PR11&dq=climate+change&ots=17NhLbNRM5&sig=0-PTMtlh483VSHMDk6RymNn29Tk&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=climate%20change&f=false
http://www.keneamazon.net/Documents/Publications/Virtual-Library/Mitigacion/28.pdf
http://www.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/files/file/G20-REPORT.pdf
https://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1162/GLEP_a_00105
https://books.google.co.uk/books?hl=en&lr=&id=RsYr_iQUs6QC&oi=fnd&pg=PA399&dq=climate+denial&ots=r6SF28j96F&sig=czB6fLWBenvYrmbExXNDZcSh_lE&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=climate%20denial&f=false
https://journals.openedition.org/ejas/10305
https://www.wtamu.edu/library/help/scholarly.shtml
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29851610
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31467005
https://www.google.com/search?rlz=1C9BKJA_enGB883GB883&hl=en-GB&sxsrf=ALeKk027tHQKxNP9qLYo0U4fDPZUT2UE-g%3A1585183939363&ei=w_x7XqLqFYnCgQaVqZfQAQ&q=free+online+academic+journals&oq=where+to+find+scholarly+articles&gs_l=mobile-gws-wiz-serp.1.2.0i71l5.0.0..227298...0.1..0.0.0.......0.1S0QV0kHSlA
https://shib.wtamu.edu/idp/profile/SAML2/POST/SSOl
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20/04/20•1h 54m